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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Quantum information transfer between two-component Bose-Einstein condensates connected by optical fiber

Alexey N. Pyrkov, Tim Byrnes

Published Jan 3, 2013• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Two component Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) have been recently shown to be viable systems for storing and manipulating quantum information. Unlike standard single-system qubits, the quantum information is duplicated in a large number of identical bosonic particles, thus can be considered to be a “macroscopic” qubit. One of the difficulties with such a system is how to effectively interact such qubits together in order to transfer quantum information and create entanglement. Here we discuss quantum state transfer using cavities containing two-component BECs coupled by optic fiber with a goal to apply this technique for quantum networking with BECs.

DOI
10.1117/12.2017104

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Two component Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) have been recently shown to be viable systems for storing and manipulating quantum information. Unlike standard single-system qubits, the quantum information is duplicated in a large number of identical bosonic particles, thus can be considered to be a “macroscopic” qubit. One of the difficulties with such a system is how to effectively interact such qubits together in order to transfer quantum information and create entanglement. Here we discuss quantum state transfer using cavities containing two-component BECs coupled by optic fiber with a goal to apply this technique for quantum networking with BECs.
Two component (spinor) Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) are considered as the nodes of an interconnected quantum network. Unlike standard single-system qubits, in a BEC the quantum information is duplicated in a large number of identical bosonic particles, thus can be considered to be a 'macroscopic' qubit. One of the difficulties with such a system is how to effectively interact such qubits together in order to transfer quantum information and create entanglement. Here we propose a scheme of cavities containing spinor BECs coupled by optical fiber in order to achieve this task. We discuss entanglement generation and quantum state transfer between nodes using such macroscopic BEC qubits.
Two component Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) have been recently shown to be viable systems for storing and manipulating quantum information. Unlike standard single-particle qubits, the quantum information is duplicated in a large number of identical bosonic particles, thus can be considered to be a macroscopic qubit. The duplication of the quantum information makes them potentially more robust than conventional qubits, where all the quantum information is lost with a single error. It has been shown theoretically and experimentally that such ensembles can be used in many ways the same way as a standard qubit: they can be visualized on the Bloch sphere, and can be manipulated analogously to standard qubits. On the other hand, the BEC qubits do not have genuine interaction between each other and one of the main difficulties with such a system is how to effectively interact them together in order to transfer quantum information and create entanglement. Furthermore, the larger Hilbert space of the macroscopic bosonic system does not allow for unique mapping of standard quantum algorithms. However, in a few past years the main building blocks of quantum information processing and several quantum algorithms were translated to the BEC qubits. In this paper we give a brief colloquium of the current achievements and outline new perspectives of the use of BEC qubits and spin-coherent ensembles for quantum technologies.
Entanglement has been recognised as a puzzling yet central element of quantum physics. While photons serve as flying qubits to distribute entanglement, the entanglement of stationary qubits at remote sites is a key resource for envisioned applications like distributed quantum computing. In our experiment we create remote entanglement between a single atom located inside a high-finesse optical cavity and a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). To this end we generate a single photon in the atom-cavity system, entangling the photon polarisation with the atomic Zeeman state. The photon is transported to a different laboratory in an optical fiber, where it is stored in a BEC employing electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). This converts the atom-photon entanglement into remote matter-matter entanglement. Subsequently we map the matter-matter entanglement onto photon-photon entanglement. The experimental setup is sketched in Fig. 1.
We analyze quantum computation using quantum information stored on two component Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). We construct a general framework for quantum algorithms to be executed using the collective states of the BECs. The use of BECs allows for an increase of energy scales via bosonic enhancement, resulting in two-qubit gate operations that can be performed at a time reduced by a factor of NNN, where NNN is the number of bosons in the BEC. We illustrate the scheme by an application to Grover's algorithm, and discuss possible experimental implementations and decoherence effects.
In this paper we review recent progress in studying quantum phase transitions in one- and two-component Bose–Einstein condensates (BEC) in optical lattices. These phase transitions involve the emergence and disappearance of quantum coherence over the whole optical lattice and of linear superposition of macroscopic quantum states. The latter may provide new means to engineer and manipulate novel macroscopic quantum states and novel coherent atomic beams for quantum information processing, quantum computing and other purposes.
Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter in which all the neutral atoms or subatomic particles are cooled down to a temperature very near to absolute zero. Quantum effects become apparent on a macroscopic scale at the critical temperature which leads to macroscopic quantum phenomena. The efforts made by Bose and Einstein introduced the novel idea of a Bose gas obeying the quantum statistics known as Bose-Einstein statistics. These statistics depict the distribution of identical particles having integral spin which are well-recognized as bosons. Cavity quantum optomechanics is an emerging field which controls the quantum mechanical interaction between electromagnetic radiation and bulk mechanical resonators. Cavity optomechanical system consisting of BEC has extremely high potential applications in the areas of quantum communications and quantum information processing. A strong quantum entanglement can be achieved between the mechanical mode of the BEC and the optical mode. One of the major limitations is that the apparatus involving BEC are extremely expensive and bulky.