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Physical Review A

Photonic tunneling effect between two coupled single-atom laser cavities imbedded within a photonic-crystal platform

Xiaoyong Guo, Zhongzhou Ren

Published Jan 10, 2011• 17 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper we investigate the photonic tunneling effect between two coupled one-atom laser cavities. The physical system consists of two coupled photonic crystal microcavities and each cavity contains a coherently pumped two-level atom. The dynamics of the system can be described by the master equation in terms of the reduced density operator. It is shown that the photonic tunneling behavior depends on certain physical conditions of the system. In the absence of the pumping field and without dissipations, the coherent photon number imbalance between two cavities exhibits the alternating-current Josephson effect. However, when the pumping effect and losses of the system are taken into account, the mean photon number imbalance displays a damped oscillation. In addition, the influence of tunneling amplitude and photonic band-gap structure on the oscillations is also studied. The research gives a further insight into the correlated dynamics of two coupled one-atom laser systems and provides an idea for constructing novel photon tunnel devises.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.83.013809

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In this paper we investigate the photonic tunneling effect between two coupled one-atom laser cavities. The physical system consists of two coupled photonic crystal microcavities and each cavity contains a coherently pumped two-level atom. The dynamics of the system can be described by the master equation in terms of the reduced density operator. It is shown that the photonic tunneling behavior depends on certain physical conditions of the system. In the absence of the pumping field and without dissipations, the coherent photon number imbalance between two cavities exhibits the alternating-current Josephson effect. However, when the pumping effect and losses of the system are taken into account, the mean photon number imbalance displays a damped oscillation. In addition, the influence of tunneling amplitude and photonic band-gap structure on the oscillations is also studied. The research gives a further insight into the correlated dynamics of two coupled one-atom laser systems and provides an idea for constructing novel photon tunnel devises.
Through calculating the quantum degree of second-order coherence and photon number distribution numerically, we investigate the coherence and statistics of a one-atom laser where a coherently driven two-level atom is coupled to a photonic crystal microcavity. By going beyond the previous theoretical studies, we show that in the presence of non-secular terms the cavity field displays a variable degree of second-order coherence as a function of discontinuities in the photonic density of states. The cavity field is characterized by photon antibunching and sub-Poissonian statistics for large discontinuities. In the case of a vanishing photonic density of states on the lower Mollow sideband, we can obtain only weak antibunching. If the jump in the photonic density of states is small, the bunching and super-Poissonian statistics field is generated in the cavity. Consequently, the cavity field exhibits certain non-classical features when non-secular interaction is included into the dynamics of the system. The theoretical analysis and numerical calculations presented here coincide with recent experimental observations.
We present a quantum theory of a coherently pumped two-level atom in a photonic band gap (PBG), coupled to both a multimode waveguide channel and a high-quality microcavity embedded within a photonic crystal. One mode is engineered to exhibit a sharp cutoff within the PBG, leading to a large discontinuity in the local photon density of states near the atom, and the cavity field mode is resonant with the central component of the Mollow spectrum of atomic resonance fluorescence. Another mode of the waveguide channel is used to propagate the pump beam. We derive analytical expressions for the optical amplitude, intensity, second-order correlation functions, and conjugate quadrature variances for the light emitted by the atom into the microcavity. The quantum degree of second-order coherence in the cavity field reveals enhanced, inversionless, nearly coherent light generation when the photon density of states jump between the Mollow spectral components is large. The cavity field characteristics are highly distinct from that of a corresponding high-QQQ cavity in ordinary vacuum. In the case of a vanishing photon density of states on the lower Mollow sideband and no dipolar dephasing, the emitted photon statistics is Poissonian, and the cavity field exhibits quadrature coherence.
Abstract We investigate a hybrid quantum system consisting of two coupled optical cavities, each containing an ensemble of coherently pumped artificial or real two-level atoms. The system is modelled within the dressed-state formalism, accounting for coherent driving and dissipative interactions with independent electromagnetic reservoirs. Focusing on the regime where the Rabi frequency greatly exceeds the collective spontaneous emission and cavity decay rates, respectively, we derive the equations of motion characterizing the system and analyse its steady-state behaviours. Special attention is given to the scenario in which only one cavity contains a pumped multi-atom ensemble, and as a consequence, coherent excitation transfer to the second cavity occurs via cavity–cavity coupling. In this case, the mean photon number in the second cavity mode scales proportional to the squared number of atoms, i.e., N2 from the first cavity. The proposed model offers insight into light–matter interaction in composite systems and suggests viable mechanisms for engineering collective interactions and non-local excitation transport in quantum optical platforms.
In this paper, we propose a photonic Josephson junction in two coupled, Kerr-type, nonlinear cavities. In the coherent state representation, saddle point analysis of the system action yields a mean-field description of the coherent photon current. The photonic analogs of the Rabi oscillation, the AC effect as well as the Shapiro resonance are found. The tunneling dynamics dramatically change at a critical point that is determined by the relative value of on-site nonlinear strength versus intercavity tunneling rate. We discuss this critical behavior for various parameters in detail. Furthermore, the influences of the initial conditions and the environment-induced pumping–dissipation process on the system dynamics are also studied.
We describe an optical system that allows for direct observation of the photonic Josephson effects in two weakly linked microcavities containing ultracold two-level atoms. We show that, by moving the ultracold atoms within one cavity, we could simulate an analogous superconducting circuit and realize both the alternating- and direct-current (ac and dc) photonic Josephson effects. This provides a strategy for constructing novel interference devices of coherent photons and enables new investigations of the effect of many-body physics in strongly coupled atom-cavity systems.
We investigate the property of optical bistability in a photonic-crystal one-atom laser when nonlinear microcavity is present. The physical system consists of a coherently driven two-level light emitter strongly coupled to a high-quality microcavity which is embedded within a photonic crystal and another coherent probing field which has incident into the microcavity. In our case, the microcavity is fabricated by nonlinear material and placed as an impurity in photonic crystal. This study reveals that such a system can exhibit optical bistability. The dependence of threshold value and hysteresis loop on the photonic band gap of the photonic crystal, driving field Rabi frequency and dephasing processes, are studied. Our results clearly illustrate the ability to control optical bistability through suitable photonic-crystal architectures and external coherent driving field, and this study suggests that in a photonic-crystal nonlinear microcavity, the one-atom laser acts as an effective controllable bistable device in the design of all-light digital computing systems in the near future.