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Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Propagation of Coherent Small-Area Light Pulses in CdS at the I 2 Bound Exciton

Marcus Jütte, H. Stolz, Wolf von der Osten

Published Oct 10, 1995• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The propagation of small-area picosecond pulses of coherent light in resonance with the I 2 bound-exciton line in CdS is investigated. The observed strong reshaping of the pulses in form of propagation beats is consistent with the concomitantly measured hole formation in the pulse spectrum. By employing transform-limited time-resolved spectroscopy the complex amplitude of the transmitted optical field can be reconstructed. This allows to identify the beats as amplitude oscillations and phase changes by π characteristic of 0π pulse formation.

DOI
10.1209/0295-5075/32/2/012

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The propagation of small-area picosecond pulses of coherent light in resonance with the I 2 bound-exciton line in CdS is investigated. The observed strong reshaping of the pulses in form of propagation beats is consistent with the concomitantly measured hole formation in the pulse spectrum. By employing transform-limited time-resolved spectroscopy the complex amplitude of the transmitted optical field can be reconstructed. This allows to identify the beats as amplitude oscillations and phase changes by π characteristic of 0π pulse formation.
Pulse propagation experiments are performed with coherent picosecond laser pulses in resonance with the donor bound A-exciton (I2) state in CdS. Using bandwidth-limited time-resolved spectroscopy, we investigate the intensity of the transmitted laser pulse as a function of monochromator energy position and time. This method permits the determination of both the amplitude and the phase of the complex electric-field amplitude. Studying the dependence of pulse propagation on the input intensity, for small-area pulses we found at the rear of the sample the spectral hole formation and beating characteristic of a 0π pulse. At large pulse areas close to 2π the pulse propagates nearly unperturbed, showing no oscillatory reshaping or significant absorption losses. This provides clear evidence for self-induced transparency at an excitonic state in solids. Our interpretation is substantiated by an analysis within the framework of the combined Maxwell and optical Bloch equations.
Abstract Measuring the transform‐limited time‐resolved spectrum of a coherent laser pulse allows one to determine the amplitude and phase of the pulse electric field. From the reshaping of pulses transmitted through a thin semiconductor platelet in resonance with an exciton transition in case of the donor bound exciton in CdS the effects of coherent exciton–photon interaction for different laser intensities can be studied. While at low intensities the expected polariton beating connected with the formation of a 0π‐pulse is observed, at sufficiently high intensities changes in the pulse shape occur that are ascribed to self‐induced transparency of the bound exciton states.
We report the first observation of quantum beats in the resonance fluorescence of a bound exciton in a semiconductor, the ionized-donor exciton complex in CdS. Measurements of the polarization behavior and magnetic-field dependence of the beats permitted a detailed investigation of strain effects and magneto-optical parameters of the states. From the damping of the beats, coherence times of the order of several hundreds of picoseconds are deduced. For the neutral-donor and -acceptor bound exciton states, very rapid dephasing with coherence times of the order of 20 ps is found.
We have investigated the manipulation of the phase and amplitude of the state of a three-level exciton system by excitation with pairs of phase-locked optical pulses. We demonstrate coherent control over the phase of quantum beating between the light- and heavy-hole excitons which are the components of the system. The state of the system is monitored by time-resolved detection of the resonant secondary emission coupled out of the system in non-phase-matched directions by virtue of the static disorder. We show that the amplitude of the coherent manipulation must diminish as a function of time delay between the components of the pulse pair in a way which takes into account both the dephasing of the excitons and their unphasing which arises from inhomogeneous broadening.
Coherence transfer is a multi-disciplinary topic of interest, including chemistry, biology, and physics. In quantum technologies, achieving non-local coherent coupling between solid-state qubits is of the utmost importance. Here, we demonstrate that excitons—i.e., electron–hole pairs bound by the Coulomb force within a quantum well—can act as a medium for mesoscopic optical coherence transfer in semiconductors. To this end, we use a femtosecond laser pulse to resonantly generate excitons within the light cone. These excitons can then either recombine radiatively or scatter out of the light cone, gaining an in-plane momentum in the process. In samples without disorder, such as the CdTe quantum wells used here, the resulting fast excitons can diffuse over mesoscopic distances before recombining radiatively. Using coherent nonlinear micro-spectroscopy, we carry out exciton time-of-flight measurements. Specifically, we monitor the spatio-temporal propagation of launched exciton wave packets, selectively observing their coherence or density on a scale of up to 10 µm. Our proof-of-principle experiment demonstrates that free excitons inherit a phase modulation from the optical pulsed excitation and can generate coherent links within excitonic circuits, offering a higher level of miniaturisation and compactness than photonic or polaritonic architectures.