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Physical Review Letters

Spin Squeezed Atoms: A Macroscopic Entangled Ensemble Created by Light

Jan Hald, Jens Lykke Sørensen, C. Schori, Eugene Simon Polzik

Published Aug 16, 1999• 524 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report on the experimental observation of a spin squeezed ensemble of 107 cold atoms. This macroscopic ensemble is generated via quantum state transfer from nonclassical light to atoms.Received 21 January 1999DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1319©1999 American Physical Society

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.83.1319

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We report on the experimental observation of a spin squeezed ensemble of 107 cold atoms. This macroscopic ensemble is generated via quantum state transfer from nonclassical light to atoms.Received 21 January 1999DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1319©1999 American Physical Society
Squeezed spin states and squeezed light are both key resources for quantum metrology and quantum information science, but have been separately investigated in experiments so far. Simultaneous generation of these two types of quantum states in one experiment setup is intriguing but remains a challenging goal. Here, we propose a novel protocol based on judiciously engineered symmetric atom-light interaction, and report proof-of-principle experimental results of concurrent spin squeezing of 0.61±0.09 dB and light squeezing of 0.65_{-0.10}^{+0.11} dB in a hot atomic ensemble. The squeezing process is deterministic, yielding fixed squeezing directions for both the light field and the collective atomic spin. Furthermore, the squeezed light modes lie in the multiple frequency sidebands of a single spatial mode. This new type of dual squeezed state is applicable for quantum enhanced metrology and quantum networks. Our method can be extended to other quantum platforms such as optomechanics, cold atoms, and trapped ions.