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Chinese Physics Letters

Sub-natural linewidth optical-pumping dips in a homogeneously broadened spectral line

Meng-Yang Li, Jishi Fu

Published Jan 1, 1987• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Sub-natural linewidth optical-pumping dips have been observed in a homogeneously broadened fluorescence line in Na atomic beam spectroscopy. To our knowledge, this is the first observation of sub-natural linewidth dip by optical pumping. A theoretic explanation is given.
DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/4/1/006

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Several authors have recently discussed and observed optical-pumping dips in inhomogeneously broadened spectral lines. We have observed a qualitatively similar, but fundamentally distinct phenomenon: optical-pumping dips in a homogeneously broaded D1{D}_{1}D1​ line of 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb. To our knowledge this represents the first observation of homogeneous-optical-pumping dips.
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Recent experiments have shown that optical pumping can produce line shapes with subnatural structure, and that this structure could prove to be useful for extracting oscillator strengths. A key question, however, regarding the optical-pumping technique's potential usefulness is how well it allows the determination of resonance line center. In the present paper we address this question theoretically by considering laser optical pumping and probing of an atomic beam. From the analysis (i) we find that depending on laser polarization the optical-pumping subnatural feature is either a dip or a signal enhancement, (ii) we derive the rigorously correct formula relating the dip width to the transition oscillator strength for an alkali-like atom exhibiting a homogeneous line shape, and (iii) we show that, compared to shot-noise-limited laser-induced fluorescence, the optical-pumping technique of signal enhancement is capable of a 15% improvement in the ability to find resonance line center.
The detection of optical resonances by observation of the fluorescence light emitted from a fast atomic beam of Na interacting with a collinear laser beam is limited in sensitivity by optical pumping processes. In the experiment reported here, we take advantage of the optical pumping by using a second collinear laser beam, achieving then a gain in fluorescence signal. The effects of the lasers power and polarization on line shapes have been studied in the single laser excitation case as well as in the two laser beams one.