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Physics Letters A

Extension of the Wigner-Araki-Yanase theorem in Ozawa's formulation

Kiyotaka Kakazu, Shoju Kudaka, Saverio Pascazio

Published Feb 1, 1993• 3 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0375-9601(93)90168-y

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We study the Wigner-Araki-Yanase theorem by utilizing a slightly modified version of a formulation recently proposed by Ozawa [Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 1950 (1991)]. After characterizing the quantities that are conserved in the evolution of the total system (object plus apparatus), we suitably decompose the Hamiltonian and show that the Wigner-Araki-Yanase theorem can be formulated in terms of the conserved quantities of the object system and of some observables of the apparatus. A few examples clarify our general arguments.
According to a new extension to an old theory, a particle's position cannot be measured precisely even if its momentum is not measured simultaneously.By Charles Day H eisenberg's uncertainty principle limits the precision with which two observables that do not commute with each other can be simultaneously measured.The Wigner-Araki-Yanase (WAY) theorem goes further.If observables A and B do not commute, and if observable A is conserved, observable B cannot be measured with arbitrary precision even if A is not measured at all.In its original 1960 formulation, the WAY theorem applied only to observables, such as spin, whose possible values are discrete and bounded.Now Yui Kuramochi of Kyushu University and Hiroyasu Tajima of the University of Electro-Communications-both in Japan-have proven that the WAY theorem also encompasses observables, such as position, that are continuous and unbounded [1].Besides resolving the decades-long problem of how to deal with such observables, the extension will likely find practical applications in quantum optics.The difficulty of extending the WAY theorem arose from how an