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International Conference on Information Photonics

Experimental demonstration of a novel configuration for BB84 frequency coded QKD

Jose Mora, V. García-Muñoz, A. Ruiz-Alba, Waldimar Amaya, A. Martinez, J. Capmany

Published May 1, 2011• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel electro-optical modulator configuration for the implementation of frequency coded quantum key distribution (FC-QKD) over fiber. Experimental measurements reveal that the proposed system is suitable for the implementation of the BB84 protocol when the electro-optical modulators are correctly biased.

DOI
10.1109/ico-ip.2011.5953710

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We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel electro-optical modulator configuration for the implementation of frequency coded quantum key distribution (FC-QKD) over fiber. Experimental measurements reveal that the proposed system is suitable for the implementation of the BB84 protocol when the electro-optical modulators are correctly biased.
We have theoretically and experimentally address the possible tandem electro-optical modulator configurations that can be employed to implement Frequency Coded Quantum Key Distribution systems (FC-QKD). A closed and general formulation of the end to end field propagation in a dispersion compensated FC-QKD optical fiber system under the low modulation index regime is presented which accounts for all the possible tandem combinations. The properties and the parameter selection of the modulators to achieve each one are summarized. We also address which protocol (B92, BB84 or either) is feasible to be implemented with each configuration. The results confirm those reported for the configurations previously reported in the literature and, at the same time, show the existence of four novel tandem modulator configurations that can also be employed. We have also provided experimental evidence of the successful operation of the novel configurations that confirm the behavior predicted by the theoretical results.
We discuss possible modulation schemes to implement BB84 and B92 quantum key distribution protocols using frequency-coding method. We derive time evolution of quantum states of light in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer based optical intensity modulator. We then show that phase modulator-phase modulator (PM-PM) combination can be used to implement the B92 protocol and intensity modulator-intensity modulator (IM-IM) combination can be used to implement the BB84 protocol. However, the combinations-PM-IM or IM-PM-cannot be used to implement BB84 and B92 protocols using frequency-coding method. Finally, we discuss the security of frequency-coded implementation of B92 protocol.
As quantum key distribution progresses into commercial products and services, there is growing interest in technological solutions that improve performance and/or reduce costs. We present an experimental demonstration of the polarization-based three-level decoy-state BB84 quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol, at a clock frequency of 50 MHz, that relies on fewer resources at the receiver and increases robustness to side-channel attacks for both the transmitter and receiver. A single-laser source and cascade of electro-optic modulators provide the four polarization states, while a photonic recombiner with time-multiplexed inputs enables detection with a single detector.
We report the first experimental demonstration hybrid transmission of ultra-stable optical frequency references and quantum key distribution (QKD) signals over a homogeneous multi-core fiber (MCF). The frequency transfer system achieves frequency stabilization at the remote site via active phase noise compensation. A QKD system implementing the BB84 phase-encoding protocol with decoy states is integrated within the platform. Successful hybrid transmission of optical frequency references and quantum signals is achieved over 10 km 7-core fiber. The integrated transmission system achieves a frequency stability of 8×10−18at 1s and 3.45×10−19at 10000 s, with a quantum bit error rate (QBER) of 2.54%.