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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Effectiveness of noncoplanar Raman–Nath self-diffraction in resonant media

Anatolii A Afanas'ev, M V Dotsenko

Published Feb 28, 1989• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A theoretical analysis is made of noncoplanar four-beam Raman–Nath self-diffraction in media with saturable absorption. The mechanisms responsible for the generation of the first- and second-order diffracted beams are identified. The intensities of the diffracted beams not lying in the planes of convergence of the exciting beams can, for certain phase relationships, be considerably higher (by a factor of ~ 102) than the intensities of the beams in these planes. The reason for the dependence of the effectiveness of self-diffraction on phase relationships between the excited beams is interference between elementary diffraction processes in various light-induced gratings.

DOI
10.1070/qe1989v019n02abeh007800

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A theoretical analysis is made of noncoplanar four-beam Raman–Nath self-diffraction in media with saturable absorption. The mechanisms responsible for the generation of the first- and second-order diffracted beams are identified. The intensities of the diffracted beams not lying in the planes of convergence of the exciting beams can, for certain phase relationships, be considerably higher (by a factor of ~ 102) than the intensities of the beams in these planes. The reason for the dependence of the effectiveness of self-diffraction on phase relationships between the excited beams is interference between elementary diffraction processes in various light-induced gratings.
A theoretical analysis is made of the transformation of light waves by optically induced amplitude-phase gratings of different order in a saturable absorbing medium. Allowance is made for gratings appearing; due to the absorption saturation and inhomogeneous heating of the medium. It is shown that, under certain conditions, the higher-order gratings may play a considerable role in the diffraction process. The contributions made by multistage and direct mechanisms to the n-th order diffraction are calculated. Estimates are obtained of the conditions which must be satisfied by the intensity and duration of radiation pulses, as well as by the optical properties and thickness of the absorbing medium, for these contributions to be comparable.
A theoretical analysis is made of the self-diffraction of short light pulses in an induced amplitude-phase grating in a thin layer of resonant medium. Expressions describing the amplitudes (intensities) of the diffracted beams are derived and analyzed. It is shown that the nature of the amplitude modulation of the light diffracted into small angles depends strongly on the amplitudes of the input pulses. It is demonstrated that transient self-diffraction of short pulses can be used in estimating the dipole moment of a saturable transition.
We present a nonperturbative theory of self-diffraction in thick, pseudostationary population gratings induced by the interference of two nearly collinear incident laser beams of arbitrary relative and absolute intensities. At large saturation parameters, the grating becomes nonsinusoidal, and high-order diffraction occurs efficiently. We obtain an exact expression for the Fourier coefficients of the grating that significantly simplifies the interpretation of the various coherent coupling mechanisms and permits efficient computer simulations. In the case of small depletion of the pump waves, we obtain simple analytic expressions for the scattered intensity into any order of self-diffraction. We present our results in a manner that should aid an experimenter in choosing the optical thickness of the unsaturated medium and the sum and ratio of the pump intensities to obtain optimum diffraction intensity in a given order.
We propose and analyze an efficient scheme for the one- and two-dimensional atomic gratings based on periodic spatial modulation of the Raman gain and dispersion, which we name the Raman-induced diffraction gratings (RIDGs). There are fundamentally different from those based on electromagnetically induced transparency. As the probe field propagates along the direction normal to the standing pump wave, it can be effectively diffracted into high-order directions. The grating is a hybrid grating, i.e. it represents a mixture of amplitude and phase gratings. We identify the conditions when all high-order diffractions are amplified. In addition, we also show that diffraction of a probe field could be dynamically controlled using an additional laser field. With its help, it is possible to suppress or amplify diffraction beams. The RIDGs can be considered as all-optical multibeam splitters with amplification.