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Journal of Modern Optics

Analytical solution for 3D stationary Schrödinger equation: implementation of Huygens’ principle for matter waves

Hichem Eleuch, Yuri V. Rostovtsev

Published Oct 7, 2010• 17 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have found an analytical solution of the 3D stationary Schrödinger equation for any arbitrary potential. The solution has been obtained by transforming the Schrödinger equation to the generalized Ricatti equation, and it has the form of Huygens’ principle for matter waves. We have shown that the solution is more accurate than the JWKB approximation. We discuss possible applications of the solution to molecular dynamics and dynamics of charges in nanostructures.

DOI
10.1080/09500340.2010.514069

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We have found an analytical solution of the 3D stationary Schrödinger equation for any arbitrary potential. The solution has been obtained by transforming the Schrödinger equation to the generalized Ricatti equation, and it has the form of Huygens’ principle for matter waves. We have shown that the solution is more accurate than the JWKB approximation. We discuss possible applications of the solution to molecular dynamics and dynamics of charges in nanostructures.
It has recently been shown that the auxiliary field method is an interesting tool to compute approximate analytical solutions of the Schrödinger equation. This technique can generate the spectrum associated with an arbitrary potential V ( r ) starting from the analytically known spectrum of a particular potential P ( r ). In the present work, general important properties of the auxiliary field method are proved, such as scaling laws and independence of the results on the choice of P ( r ). The method is extended in order to find accurate analytical energy formulae for radial potentials of the form aP ( r ) + V ( r ), and several explicit examples are studied. Connections existing between the perturbation theory and the auxiliary field method are also discussed.
A method for calculating the analytical solutions of the one-dimensional Schr\"odinger equation is suggested. A general discussion of the possible forms of the potentials and wave functions that are necessary to get the analytical solution is presented. In general, the analytical solutions appear in multiplets corresponding to the quantum number n of the harmonic oscillator. As an application, known solutions for the anharmonic oscillators are critically recalculated and a few additional results are found. Analytical solutions are also found for the generalized Morse oscillators. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
A new method is proposed for the quantum-mechanical determination of the eigenstates and eigenvalues of a particle (e.g. an electron) in a potential of general shape. For such systems the method allows to calculate the exact solutions of the stationary Schrödinger equation. For the application of this method any well-known reference system is needed. A transition from the stationary reference system to the stationary system under investigation is performed by means of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. The results are compared with various standard methods; alternative numerical methods have been discussed critically.