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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Electromagnetically induced transparency in a thin film

David Petrosyan, Yu. P. Malakyan

Published Aug 29, 2005• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Summary form only given. We have developed a formalism for rendering the (near)resonant interaction of two electromagnetic fields with an inhomogeneously broadened system consisting of three-level /spl Lambda/-atoms confined in an ultrathin cell of thickness 10 /spl mu/m or less. The peculiar features of this model stem from the fact that the free interaction time of atoms with two laser fields is solely determined by the wall-to-wall time of atomic flight. Unusual absorptive and dispersive properties of this system have been found. Thus, we show that the absorption spectrum of the probe field and the fluorescence signal from the upper atomic level contain two sub-Doppler dips. One of them is originated from the optical pumping due to the leak of atomic population from the upper atomic level, white the other much narrower dip corresponds to the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect established in the medium due to the coherent population trapping of the atoms. When the coupling field is tuned into the exact resonance with the corresponding atomic transition, the locations of the two dips on the frequency scale coincide, whereas in the case of nonzero detuning of the coupling field, the two dips are shifted from each other by the amount of this detuning. This is because the EIT is very sensitive to the Raman resonance condition, while the OP is most efficient in the vicinity of the resonance of the probe field with the atomic transition frequency.

DOI
10.1109/iqec.2000.907902

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Electromagnetically induced transparency in a thin vapor film

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Chinese Optics Letters•Jan 1, 2017•3 citations
Summary form only given. We have developed a formalism for rendering the (near)resonant interaction of two electromagnetic fields with an inhomogeneously broadened system consisting of three-level /spl Lambda/-atoms confined in an ultrathin cell of thickness 10 /spl mu/m or less. The peculiar features of this model stem from the fact that the free interaction time of atoms with two laser fields is solely determined by the wall-to-wall time of atomic flight. Unusual absorptive and dispersive properties of this system have been found. Thus, we show that the absorption spectrum of the probe field and the fluorescence signal from the upper atomic level contain two sub-Doppler dips. One of them is originated from the optical pumping due to the leak of atomic population from the upper atomic level, white the other much narrower dip corresponds to the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect established in the medium due to the coherent population trapping of the atoms. When the coupling field is tuned into the exact resonance with the corresponding atomic transition, the locations of the two dips on the frequency scale coincide, whereas in the case of nonzero detuning of the coupling field, the two dips are shifted from each other by the amount of this detuning. This is because the EIT is very sensitive to the Raman resonance condition, while the OP is most efficient in the vicinity of the resonance of the probe field with the atomic transition frequency.
We examine the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency in a thin cell filled with a vapor of three-level $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ atoms. We show that the absorption spectrum of the probe field and the fluorescence signal from the upper atomic level contain two sub-Doppler dips that have considerably different widths. The narrow dip corresponds to the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency, whereas the broader one results from the optical pumping of the external atomic states. Under the condition of exact resonance of the coupling field with the corresponding atomic transition, these two dips are superimposed on the frequency scale, while in the case of nonzero detuning of the coupling field, the two dips are shifted with respect to each other, which makes it possible to observe a competition between the two effects. In the frequency region where the absorption is low, large optical nonlinearities conditioned merely by the slow atoms having an effective 1 mK temperature are also found.
We report an experimental investigation of the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) using bichromatic laser radiation and an extremely thin cell filled with pure Rb with smoothly controllable thickness LLL of the atomic vapor layer in the range $\ensuremath{\sim}780--1600\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$, for which LLL is comparable to the laser wavelength $\ensuremath{\lambda}$ resonant with the D2{D}_{2}D2​ line (780nm)(780\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm})(780nm). It is revealed that the transmission spectrum of the probe laser contains two sub-Doppler peaks that have different linewidths. The narrow peak corresponds to EIT, whereas the broader one results from velocity-selective optical pumping (VSOP) and repumping processes. It is demonstrated that in the case of nonzero detuning of the coupling laser, the EIT resonance and VSOP are shifted with respect to each other on the frequency scale, which makes it possible to observe a competition between the two effects (this is not possible to realize in an ordinary cell). Also, the Dicke-type coherent narrowing effect depending on the ratio $L∕\ensuremath{\lambda}$ influences the absorption spectrum of the probe laser. Formation of an EIT resonance is substantially favored for the atoms with slow normal velocity, caused by their longer interaction time with the bichromatic laser field. As a result of the predominant contribution of these atoms, the observed linewidth of the EIT resonance is only $\ensuremath{\sim}9\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$, which is more than ten times narrower than the inverse window-to-window flight time. In an external magnetic field, three and five EIT resonances have been observed for the vapor thickness of $L=2\ensuremath{\lambda}$, on 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb and 85Rb^{85}\mathrm{Rb}85Rb, respectively.
The effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a Λ-system formed by rubidium atoms contained in thin (10–60 μm) and extremely thin (0.3–5 μm) cells was studied experimentally. It was found that parameters of the EIT resonance degrade slowly in the case where the frequency of the coupling laser is in resonance with the D 2 transition of rubidium, which enabled the registration of the EIT resonance in a record thin cell with a thickness of L = 390 nm. The specific features of EIT in extremely thin cells reveal themselves when the coupling laser has a frequency detuning Δ from the atomic transition. In this case, the width of the EIT resonance rapidly increases upon an increase in Δ at fixed L (an opposite effect takes place in centimeter-scale cells). It is shown that the width of the EIT resonance is inversely proportional to L in the case of fixed large detuning Δ. The nearly tenfold broadening of the EIT resonance for large values of detuning Δ is caused by the influence of atomic collisions with cell windows on dephasing rate of coherence. The expressions that allow the estimation of the EIT-resonance width for various values of detuning Δ and small values of thickness L are found.
This paper investigates the absorptive reduction and the width narrowing of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a thin vapour film of λ-type atoms confined between two dielectric walls whose thickness is comparable with the wavelength of the probe field. The absorptive lines of the weak probe field exhibit strong reductions and very narrow EIT dips, which mainly results from the velocity slow-down effects and transient behaviour of atoms in a confined system. It is also shown that the lines are modified by the strength of the coupling field and the ratio of L/λ, with L the film thickness and λ the wavelength of the probe field. A simple robust recipe for EIT in a thin medium is achievable in experiment.
Electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) with extremely narrow spectral width is obtained in a well-studied lambda three level system where a coupling field and a probing field interact with two optical transitions.By tuning coupling field,it excites the transitions between two ground state hyperfine levels and excited state level.In this paper,both EIT and spontaneous radiation induced coherent dip can be obtained,and even the gain is observed to superpose to the EIT window.By discussing the behaviors of probing field absorption profiles under the effect of the tuned coupling field,it can be seen that there are quantum interference and coherence between EIT and spontaneous radiation induced coherent dip,and the coherence becomes remarkable when the excitation frequency of the coupling field satisfies certain conditions.
A three-level lambda system driven by multicolor control, pump, and probe fields is investigated. The pump and probe fields are derived from the same laser with opposite propagating directions. Due to the Doppler effect, the zero group-velocity atoms face bichromatic fields, while other atoms face trichromatic fields. The atomic medium shows distinct characteristics and exhibits simultaneous electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) at two frequencies. EIT and EIA peaks have a fixed relationship with frequency, which is determined by the Doppler shifts.