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Physical Review A

Theory and experimental consequences of generation of a pair of photon-dressed discrete states by external electromagnetic fields in the atomic or molecular continuum

Alessandro Lami, N. K. Rahman

Published Jan 1, 1986• 19 citations
Publisher

Abstract

It is shown theoretically that double resonance through the continuum can be utilized to produce two photon-dressed discrete states embedded in the continuum. The significance of creating such a pair of states is discussed, along with its experimental consequences. Especially important are quantum beats of population, which offer novel spectroscopic opportunities.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.33.782

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Journal of Sichuan Normal University•Jan 1, 2009•0 citations
It is shown theoretically that double resonance through the continuum can be utilized to produce two photon-dressed discrete states embedded in the continuum. The significance of creating such a pair of states is discussed, along with its experimental consequences. Especially important are quantum beats of population, which offer novel spectroscopic opportunities.
We present a theory of two-photon resonance fluorescence of an atom or molecule in which the excitation by an external electromagnetic field as well as fluorescence emission is mediated by two-photon processes. The treatment is based on first dressing the atom or molecule by the external field and then evaluating perturbatively the effect of the interaction with the vacuum or fluorescent field and so resonance fluorescence can be considered as spontaneous emission from the dressed atom. The introduction of the combined system of atom and external field via dressed states leads to simpler calculations and more transparent physics. The fluorescence spectrum derived by us has similarities as well as differences with that of one-photon resonance fluorescence and earlier theoretical predictions for the two-photon case.
Complex dressed states and photoelectron spectra are considered for a model system containing two discrete states that are coupled by separate lasers to a continuum that supports a resonance such as an autoionizing state. Spontaneous radiative decay from the structured continuum has been included and its effects are examined. It is shown that population can be trapped within the model atom even when radiative decay is included provided (1) the two Fano q values which characterize the discrete-state--continuum interactions are equal, and (2) the two-photon resonance condition is satisfied.
The effects of saturation of a bound-bound atomic resonance on bound-continuum decays in investigated using the dressed state concept. Two special cases are discussed: the modification of spontaneous radiative decay by coupling to a third bound atomic state, and the changes in single-photon photoionisation when the initial discrete state is coupled by an external field to another bound state. For strong external fields Rabi oscillations and dynamic Stark splittings profoundly alter the 'decay'; but for weak fields the alterations at line centre are no less dramatic.