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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Bright squeezed light via second harmonic generation in a whispering-gallery mode resonator

Matthew T. Simons, Irina V. Novikova

Published Feb 22, 2013• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate the conditions necessary for bright squeezed light generation through second harmonic generation inside a crystalline whispering-gallery mode resonator. We show that the variance of a coherent mode can be reduced by a factor of 9 due to low loss through a nonlinear medium. This results in a one-step process that can generate effcient bright squeeze light at a desired wavelength.

DOI
10.1117/12.2005579

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We investigate the conditions necessary for bright squeezed light generation through second harmonic generation inside a crystalline whispering-gallery mode resonator. We show that the variance of a coherent mode can be reduced by a factor of 9 due to low loss through a nonlinear medium. This results in a one-step process that can generate effcient bright squeeze light at a desired wavelength.
Quantum information is the next frontier in communications. to realize quantum communications, the quantum mechanical properties of today's best communication medium, light, must be harnessed in a scalable and efficient manner. Whispering-gallery mode resonators (WGMRs), a type of optical cavity, have advantages over traditional designs that can enhance processes used in the generation of nonclassical (quantum) states of light. In particular they reduce the power threshold for intensity-dependent nonlinear phenomena. One such process, second harmonic generation, can reduce the shot noise of light below the standard quantum limit. This dissertation explores the theoretical analysis and experimental tests of noise reduction through second harmonic generation in a crystalline whispering-gallery mode resonator. We also observe the generation of another nonlinear optical process, hyper-Raman scattering, at modest optical powers inside a crystalline WGMR. The change in optical properties of vanadium dioxide due to an optically-induced phase transition is also studied as a potential Q-switching material in a WGMR-type cavity.
Optical parametric down-conversion has proven to be a valuable source of nonclassical light. The process is inherently able to produce twin-beam correlations along with individual intensity squeezing of either parametric beam, when pumped far above threshold. Here, we present for the first time the direct observation of intensity squeezing of -1.2 dB of each of the individual parametric beams in parametric down-conversion by use of a high quality whispering-gallery-mode disk resonator. In addition, we observed twin-beam quantum correlations of -2.7 dB with this cavity. Such resonators feature strong optical confinement and offer tunable coupling to an external optical field. This work exemplifies the potential of crystalline whispering-gallery-mode resonators for the generation of quantum light. The simplicity of this device makes the application of quantum light in various fields highly feasible.