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Optics Communications

Heterodyne measurement of the fluorescent radiation of a single trapped ion

J. T. Höffges, H.W Baldauf, T. Eichler, Sten Helmfrid, HERBERT WALTHER

Published Jan 1, 1997• 102 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s0030-4018(96)00621-9

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Abstract The spectrum of the fluorescent radiation of a single trapped 24 Mg + -ion at low excitation intensity was investigated. The measurement was performed by heterodyning the fluorescent radiation with a sideband of the single mode laser radiation used to excite the ion, resulting in a linewidth of 6 Hz. Under identical experimental conditions, the antibunching in the photon statistics of the fluorescent radiation was also investigated. Heterodyne detection and photon correlation measurement are complementary featuring either the wave or the particle nature of the radiation. The combination of both techniques will allow to measure squeezing in resonance fluorescence.
The three-dimensional localization of a single ion to the Lamb–Dicke limit in a radio-frequency trap has been combined with the technique of heterodyne detection to provide high-resolution spectroscopy of the fluorescent light of the ion. A coherent component with a linewidth of 0·7 Hz, corresponding to elastic scattering of the incident laser light, was observed in the heterodyne signal. The method may be extended to observe the narrow sidebands related to the secular motion in the trap, yielding information on the dynamics of the ion. Quantum properties of the fluorescent radiation can be detected by probing higher order field correlations. As an example we investigated the phenomenon of antibunching which appears as intensity anticorrelations of the emitted radiation. A measurement of intensity cross-correlations of the fluorescent light superimposed with a weak local oscillator is expected to permit the observation of squeezing in the resonance fluorescence of a single ion.