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Physica E Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures

Injection time effects on LWI with microwave driven non-degenerate ground states

Anil K. Patnaik, C. H. Raymond Ooi, Yuri V. Rostovtsev, Marlan O. Scully

Published Jul 2, 2005• 4 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.physe.2005.05.008

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Chinese Optics Letters•Jan 1, 2005•0 citations
We explore a three-level Lambda scheme to demonstrate that the phenomenon of lasing without inversion (LWI) can be observed in the transient regime. We demonstrate that the pure LWI contribution to the gain of a probe field is distinct from both the resonant absorption (or gain) and the coherent Raman gain (or absorption) by choosing specific initial populations in the dressed-state basis. The suppression of the non-LWI (resonant and Raman) processes is followed by the "rich get richer" (capitalistic) effect for the ground-state population dynamics: Initially, the more populated ground state becomes even more populated. The conditions for the observation of the effect are specified.
Theoretical model of an open four-level atomic system driven by two fields was presented. The density matrix equations of motion were obtained by the electric dipole and the rotating wave approximations. Under resonance of corresponding fields, the physical mechanism of lasing without inversion (LWI) was discussed and its linear analytical solution was obtained. By numerical results, we studied the effects of the spontaneous decay rates between atomic levels, incoherent pump rate, the injection rates, and the exit rate on the gain without inversion and the population difference of the system. The difference between the linear and nonlinear gain and the population difference of the system were discussed. A LWI gain was got during the region of the spontaneous decay rates between atomic levels. The LWI gain can obtain by adjusting suitably incoherent pump rate, the atomic injection ratio and the exit rate. The curves of the linear gain and the nonlinear gain were similar with the Rabi frequencies of the driving fields. The curves of the linear population difference and the nonlinear population difference were similar too. The linear stable value of the gain was larger than the nonlinear stable value of the gain.
A way resulting in lasing without inversion (LWI) in an open resonant A-type system from a nonlinear dynamics viewpoint is investigated. The destabilization of the non-lasing solution can occur not only through pitchfork bifurcation, giving rise to continuous wave LWI, but also through Hopf bifurcation,giving rise to self-pulsing LWI. This is much different from that of the corresponding closed resonant A-type system in which the destabilization of the non-lasing solution can occur only through pitchfork bifurcation. The effects of the unsaturated gain coefficient, cavity loss coefficient, atomic injection and exit rates on the two bifurcations are discussed.