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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Quantum holographic imaging by entangled photons

Jaewan Kim, Hai-Woong Lee

Published Feb 3, 2004• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Principle of quantum holographic imaging is explained. While one of the entangled twin photons interacts with an object, the other one carries the holographic image of the object. While this scheme does not work for simple scattering objects, it works for absorbing objects with selective coincidence detection. Generalization of this scheme to state-transforming objects is also proposed.

DOI
10.1117/12.505718

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Principle of quantum holographic imaging is explained. While one of the entangled twin photons interacts with an object, the other one carries the holographic image of the object. While this scheme does not work for simple scattering objects, it works for absorbing objects with selective coincidence detection. Generalization of this scheme to state-transforming objects is also proposed.
We report the experimental observation of quantum holographic imaging of one-dimensional object with entangled photon pairs, generated in a spontaneous parametric down-conversion process. The signal photons play both roles of “object wave” and “reference wave” in holography but are recorded by a point detector providing only encoding information, while the idler photons travel freely and are locally manipulated with spatial resolution. The holographic image is formed by the two-photon correlation measurement, although both the signal and idler beams are incoherent. Three types of quantum holography schemes are analyzed according to the detection regime of the signal photons.
Quantum imaging usually refers to imaging that takes advantage of quantum entanglement to obtain results beyond the classically achievable limits [1]. Various complex experimental setups are used to obtain quantum images, and even more complex experimental setups are used when the goal is to record and retrieve the phase information of the object. Classical holography offers the possibility to record and retrieve phase information from a hologram [2]. However, in low-light conditions, a major challenge is to record images with a high signal-to-noise ratio. Classical schemes [3]–[5], of course, do not aim to demonstrate the quantum properties of the experiments, and quantum schemes [6]–[8] rely on complex preparation of the light beam and do not necessarily provide an advantage for holographic imaging. To date, no simple quantum scheme with quantum advantage has been developed for low-light holographic imaging.
We propose a quantum diffraction imaging technique whereby one photon of an entangled pair is diffracted off a sample and detected in coincidence with its twin. The image is obtained by scanning the photon that did not interact with matter. We show that when a dynamical quantum system interacts with an external field, the phase information is imprinted in the state of the field in a detectable way. The contribution to the signal from photons that interact with the sample scales as [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the source intensity, compared with [Formula: see text] of classical diffraction. This makes imaging with weak fields possible, providing high signal-to-noise ratio, avoiding damage to delicate samples. A Schmidt decomposition of the state of the field can be used for image enhancement by reweighting the Schmidt modes contributions.