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Applied Physics Letters

Reducing the impact of inhomogeneous broadening on quantum dot based electromagnetically induced transparency

Per Lunnemann, Jesper Mørk

Published Feb 16, 2009• 33 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Slow light based on electromagnetically induced transparency in an inhomogeneously broadened quantum dot medium is investigated theoretically. Three schemes, Ξ, V, and Λ, are compared and it is shown that the V-scheme gives a group velocity that is more than three orders of magnitude smaller compared to the Ξ- and Λ-schemes. The physical mechanisms that make the V-scheme less vulnerable to inhomogeneous broadening are analyzed and discussed.

DOI
10.1063/1.3079676

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Slow light based on electromagnetically induced transparency in an inhomogeneously broadened quantum dot medium is investigated theoretically. Three schemes, Ξ, V, and Λ, are compared and it is shown that the V-scheme gives a group velocity that is more than three orders of magnitude smaller compared to the Ξ- and Λ-schemes. The physical mechanisms that make the V-scheme less vulnerable to inhomogeneous broadening are analyzed and discussed.
We investigate the impact of many-body interactions on group-velocity slowdown achieved via electromagnetically induced transparency in quantum dots using three different coupling-probe schemes (ladder, VVV, and $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$, respectively). We find that for all schemes many-body interactions have an important impact on the slow light properties. In the case of the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ and VVV schemes, the minimum required coupling power to achieve slow light is significantly reduced by many-body interactions. VVV type schemes are found to be generally preferable due to a favorable redistribution of carriers in energy space.
A variable semiconductor optical buffer based on the electromagnetically induced transparency in a quantum dot waveguide is theoretically investigated with feasible parameters for applications to a 40 Gbps optical network. We show the refractive index and absorption spectra of the quantum dot waveguide at various pump levels, which exhibit an optimal pump power for maximum slow-down factor, in agreement with the previous experimental observation using a Pr-doped solid. The group velocity slow-down factor is theoretically analysed as a function of the pump intensity at different broadened linewidths. Inhomogeneous broadening in self-assembled quantum dots degrades the slow-down factor. In order to reduce the inhomogeneous broadening effects, we propose to use a resonant microcavity structure with quantum dots embedded in the active layer to enhance the slow-down factor.
We propose a method to achieve significant optical signal delays exploiting the effect of Autler–Townes splitting (ATS) in an inhomogeneously broadened quantum dot medium. The absorption and slowdown effects are compared for three schemes i.e., Ξ, V, and Λ, corresponding to different excitation configurations. Qualitative differences of the V scheme compared to the Ξ and Λ schemes are found, which show that features of (ATS) are only revealed in the V scheme. The underlying physical mechanisms causing this discrepancy are analyzed and discussed. Finally we compare field propagation calculations of the schemes showing significantly larger achievable signal delays for the V scheme despite finite absorption of the coupling field. This opens the possibility for using waveguide structures for both coupling and probe fields, thus significantly increasing the achievable signal delays.
The authors demonstrate theoretically that there exists electromagnetically induced transparency in an asymmetric double quantum dot system using tunneling instead of pump laser. The group velocity slowdown factor is theoretically analyzed as a function of electron tunneling at different broadened linewidths. With feasible parameters for applications to a 100Gbits∕s optical network, numerical calculation infers group velocity as low as 300m∕s. The scheme is expected to be useful in constructing a variable semiconductor optical buffer based on electromagnetically induced transparency in an asymmetric double quantum dot controlled by voltage.