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Journal of Contemporary Physics (Armenian Academy of Sciences)

Improvement of the Raman-Nath approximation for the resonant Kapitza-Dirac scattering

Lilit A. Hovhannisyan, A. Zh. Muradyan

Published Jan 4, 2010• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

On the basis of the well-known Raman-Nath approximation, we have obtained a new analytical form for the amplitude of the resonant Kapitza-Dirac scattering of an atom in the field of counter-propagating laser pulses. Comparison of the obtained formula with that in the Raman-Nath approximation shows that the former describes, in addition to coherent diffraction, also channeling of atoms in a periodic field of counter-propagating laser pulses.

DOI
10.3103/s1068337210010032

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On the basis of the well-known Raman-Nath approximation, we have obtained a new analytical form for the amplitude of the resonant Kapitza-Dirac scattering of an atom in the field of counter-propagating laser pulses. Comparison of the obtained formula with that in the Raman-Nath approximation shows that the former describes, in addition to coherent diffraction, also channeling of atoms in a periodic field of counter-propagating laser pulses.
The problem of resonant Kapitza – Dirac diffraction is solved in Raman – Nath approximation out of familiar Bessel function approximation (applicable in zero and very large resonance detuning cases). It shows new and promising results for the atom optics and atom interferometry if the atomic momentum state has been prepared in a form of discrete Gaussian distribution. Namely, instead of monotonic broadening within the Bessel function approximation, our formula yields in splitting of initial distribution into two identical peaks, whith preserving form, which symmetrically move away from the distribution center for the interaction time. A table-shaped form for the ultimate momentum distribution also is in frame of new distributions. As to relaxation processes, they have only quantitative influence on the pattern of diffraction.