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Journal of Physics Condensed Matter

The influence of entangled photons on distant persistent currents

Jerzy Dajka, Apostol Vourdas, S Zhang, E. Zipper

Published Jan 13, 2006• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The correlations of currents flowing in mesoscopic rings induced by both classical and quantum correlations of photons have been considered. The system of two and three rings in the presence of three types of non-classical radiation, factorizable (uncorrelated), separable (classically correlated) and entangled (quantum mechanically correlated), has been studied. The results show that entangled photons can produce entangled electrons.

DOI
10.1088/0953-8984/18/4/021

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The correlations of currents flowing in mesoscopic rings induced by both classical and quantum correlations of photons have been considered. The system of two and three rings in the presence of three types of non-classical radiation, factorizable (uncorrelated), separable (classically correlated) and entangled (quantum mechanically correlated), has been studied. The results show that entangled photons can produce entangled electrons.
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Two mesoscopic SQUID rings which are far from each other, are considered.A source of twomode nonclassical microwaves irradiates the two rings with correlated photons.The Josephson currents are in this case quantum mechanical operators, and their expectation values with respect to the density matrix of the microwaves, yield the experimentally observed currents.Classically correlated (separable) and quantum mechanically correlated (entangled) microwaves are considered, and their effect on the Josephson currents is quantified.Results for two different examples that involve microwaves in number states and coherent states are derived.It is shown that the quantum statistics of the tunnelling electron pairs through the Josephson junctions in the two rings, are correlated.
Mesoscopic systems and the non-classical electromagnetic fields are of central importance for quantum information processing. Our aim is to present the significant impact of the non-classical radiation on the properties of persistent currents. We study mesoscopic rings or cylinders subject to both classical and non-classical magnetic flux. Our discussion is limited to oneand two-mode fields prepared in a given state. For the monochromatic radiation we study reduction of the current amplitude due to the quantum and classical noise in the field. We also present the change of the sign of the current from parato diamagnetic (and vice versa) controlled by the state of radiation. The effect of temperature will by shortly reviewed. There are two qualitatively distinct classes of two-mode fields: separable and entangled. This is reflected in the properties of the currents which become time-dependent for the fields in an entangled state. We investigate the effect of entanglement for the family of states with various amount of entanglement: from separable to Bell states quantified by the concurrence.
Two electron interference experiments which are far from each other are considered. They are irradiated with correlated nonclassical electromagnetic fields, produced by the same source. The phase factors are in this case operators, and their expectation values with respect to the density matrix of the electromagnetic field quantify the observed electron fringes. The correlated photons create correlations between the observed electron intensities. Both cases of classically correlated (separable) and quantum mechanically correlated (entangled) electromagnetic fields are considered. It is shown that the induced correlation between the distant electron interferences is sensitive to the nature of the correlation between the irradiating photons.