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Physics Letters B

Resonances in quantum mechanical tunneling

Michael Martin Nieto, Vincent P. Gutschick, Carl M. Bender, Fred Cooper, Daniel D Strottman

Published Nov 1, 1985• 40 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0370-2693(85)90292-8

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We present evidence that tunneling processes in near-integrable systems are enhanced due to the manifestation of nonlinear resonances and their respective island chains in phase space. A semiclassical description of this "resonance-assisted" mechanism is given, which is based on a local perturbative description of the dynamics in the vicinity of the resonances. As underlying picture, we obtain that the quantum state is coupled, via a succession of classically forbidden transitions across nonlinear resonances, to high excitations within the well, from where tunneling occurs with a rather large rate. The connection between this description and the complex classical structure of the underlying integrable dynamics is furthermore studied, giving ground to the general coherence of the description as well as guidelines for the identification of the dominant tunneling paths. The validity of this mechanism is demonstrated within the kicked Harper model, where good agreement between quantum and semiclassical (resonance-assisted) tunneling rates is found.
Numerical simulations of quantum tunneling with time-dependent barriers show that there is a resonance, with a marked increase in the tunneling current. For square barriers the resonance occurs when the tunneling particles absorb modulation quanta and the length of the barrier is a multiple of one-half de Broglie wavelengths. The resonance has a similar mechanism with triangular barriers. However, the relationship is more complex because the absorption and emission of modulation quanta takes place throughout the full length of the barrier, whereas this exchange only occurs at the ends of a square barrier.