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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Single-beam phase conjugation for lasers phase locking and image formation

Nickolai V. Kukhtarev, Tatiana V. Kukhtareva, Michael J. Curley, Gregory Stargell, Sergey S. Sarkisov

Published Aug 28, 2008• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Single-beam phase conjugation (self-phase conjugation, or SPC) was observed in the ferroelectric crystal LiNbO3:Fe using CW HeNe laser (wavelength 632 nm power 10-36 mW). Effective "out/in" reflection coefficient of phase conjugation (defined as the ratio the output phase-conjugated beam to the input laser beam measured before optical elements) was about 30%. For some crystals efficient phase conjugation was followed by the simultaneous generation of Fabry-Perot modes. Phase locking of two HeNe lasers and imaging of the amplitude objects with the help of self-phase conjugation was demonstrated. Appearances of additional beams (in transmission and reflection) have some analogy with the predicted behavior of the "negative-index materials".

DOI
10.1117/12.801264

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Single-beam phase conjugation (self-phase conjugation, or SPC) was observed in the ferroelectric crystal LiNbO3:Fe using CW HeNe laser (wavelength 632 nm power 10-36 mW). Effective "out/in" reflection coefficient of phase conjugation (defined as the ratio the output phase-conjugated beam to the input laser beam measured before optical elements) was about 30%. For some crystals efficient phase conjugation was followed by the simultaneous generation of Fabry-Perot modes. Phase locking of two HeNe lasers and imaging of the amplitude objects with the help of self-phase conjugation was demonstrated. Appearances of additional beams (in transmission and reflection) have some analogy with the predicted behavior of the "negative-index materials".
We demonstrate a phase-conjugating mirror that has a continuous-wave power reflectivity much greater than unity (gain ~100). This mirror uses nonresonant degenerate four-wave mixing in a single crystal of barium titanate (BaTiO3). With our mirror we have (1) observed cw self-oscillation in an optical resonator formed by this mirror and a normal mirror, (2) demonstrated a cw oscillator that, in spite of phase-distorting material placed inside the resonator, will always emit a TEM00 mode, and (3) demonstrated an optical image amplifier. This mirror will work at any visible wavelength and with weak (milliwatt or weaker) pump beams.
We demonstrate a phase-conjugating mirror that has a continuous-wave power reflectivity much greater than unity (gain ~100). This mirror uses nonresonant degenerate four-wave mixing in a single crystal of barium titanate (BaTiO3). With our mirror we have (1) observed cw self-oscillation in an optical resonator formed by this mirror and a normal mirror, (2) demonstrated a cw oscillator that, in spite of phase-distorting material placed inside the resonator, will always emit a TEM00 mode, and (3) demonstrated an optical image amplifier. This mirror will work at any visible wavelength and with weak (milliwatt or weaker) pump beams.
We report here the first observations of phase conjugation of KrF laser radiation at 2486Å. The laser employed was an injection-locked, unstable resonator, KrF double-discharge with 200 mJ, 20 ns output in a <0.1 Å bandwidth (coherence length ≈1 cm) nearly diffraction-limited beam.1 Using this laser three different nonlinear processes were investigated as to their phase conjugation and/or image retention properties: degenerate four-wave mixing, stimulated Brillouin scattering, and stimulated Raman scattering.