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Chinese Physics Letters

Quantum Motion of Atoms in a Magnetic Waveguide

Xia-Ji Liu, Daijun Li, Dezhong Wang, Hu Huang, Shiqun Li, Yuzhu Wang

Published May 3, 2001• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Based on the magnetic atomic guidance model proposed in our previous paper [Opt. Commun. 160(1999)72], the quantum motion of atoms in a magnetic tube is discussed in detail. The non-adiabatic loss of atoms as result of spin-flip transition and the adiabatic condition for keeping atoms in the guidable state are also analysed. The result shows that the atoms can be guided in the magnetic waveguide with a higher guiding efficiency by choosing suitable parameters of the magnetic tube.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/18/6/304

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Based on the magnetic atomic guidance model proposed in our previous paper [Opt. Commun. 160(1999)72], the quantum motion of atoms in a magnetic tube is discussed in detail. The non-adiabatic loss of atoms as result of spin-flip transition and the adiabatic condition for keeping atoms in the guidable state are also analysed. The result shows that the atoms can be guided in the magnetic waveguide with a higher guiding efficiency by choosing suitable parameters of the magnetic tube.
We have analysed the transport efficiency of an atomic waveguide constructed from a periodic axially magnetized hollow tube. We took into consideration the quantized motion of the atom inside the magnetic hollow cylinder tube, which is significant for the transportation of cold atoms. We deduced the quantized motion modes of the atomic waves in the tube by the approximation of infinite potential, which is valid for cold atoms and strong magnetization. For the atomic waveguide with weak magnetization, we have calculated the tunnelling effect of the atomic wave. The adiabatic condition for the motion of cold atoms is discussed. A time orbit potential method for solving the ``zero magnetic field problem'' is proposed.
We have analysed the transport effciency of an atomic waveguide constructed from a periodic axially magnetized hollow tube.We took into consideration the quantized motion of the atom inside the magnetic hollow cylinder tube,which is significant for the transportation of cold atoms.We deduced the quantized motion modes of the atomic waves in the tube by the approximation of infinite potential,which is valid for cold atoms and strong magnetization.For the atomic waveguide with weak magnetization,we have calculated the tunnelling effect of the atomic wave.The adiabatic condition for the motion of cold atoms is discussed.A time orbit potential method for solving the “zero magnetic field problem” is proposed.
The quantum motion of atoms in a magnetic waveguide is discussed on the basis of our magnetic atom guidance model. The coherence evolution of atoms initially in the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) state during propagation along the waveguide is investigated in detail and the first-order and second-order atomic correlation functions are obtained. It is shown that if the frequency ω 0 of the BEC trap is equal to the frequency ω of the potential in the magnetic waveguide, the atoms will remain in the initial coherent state. If ω 0 and ω are mismatched, the initial coherent properties will be weakened.
We have proposed a model of periodic axial magnetized hollow tube for atom guidance (1999 Opt. Commun. 160 72-4). In the present paper, an analytic solution of the magnetic field inside the tube is obtained and the transport efficiency of the cold atoms in the magnetic tube at different tube intensities of magnetization is discussed. The effect of the curvature of magnetic tube on the atom transport efficiency is also considered. We have found that the tube has a cooling effect on the transverse temperature of the transported atoms.
We have proposed a model of periodic axial magnetized hollow tube for atom guidance (1999 Opt. Commun. 160 72-4). In the present paper, an analytic solution of the magnetic field inside the tube is obtained and the transport efficiency of the cold atoms in the magnetic tube at different tube intensities of magnetization is discussed. The effect of the curvature of magnetic tube on the atom transport efficiency is also considered. We have found that the tube has a cooling effect on the transverse temperature of the transported atoms.
Atom waveguides are used to manipulate cold atoms in atom interferometers. The creation of atom interferometers using cold atoms in miniature magnetic waveguides is one of many goals of current atom chip research. To achieve a complete understanding of atom propagation in a complicated device such as a guided atom interferometer, a detailed understanding of the ground state and other nearby states is needed. The Frobenius series solutions for the bounded transverse modes of an atomic waveguide are presented here and arbitrary precision arithmetic is used to evaluate the series solutions without roundoff errors. The waveguide potential considered is an infinitely long quadrupole magnetic potential as used in various atom chip waveguides. The simplest case of a guided spin-12 particle is presented here. However, the basic series techniques can be extended to both higher order multipole potentials and higher spin particles, including atoms with hyperfine splitting. The low-field and the high-field seeking states together form the spectrum of the waveguide Hamiltonian. In the limit where the transverse dimension of the guide tends to infinity, the spectrum of the guide changes from a discrete set of low- and high-field seeking states to a continuum of high-field seeking states embedded with a discrete set of low-field seeking states. Although the low-field seeking states are not truly bound, the system is an approximate example of bound states in a continuum first discussed by von Neumann and Wigner. Depending on boundary conditions, the solutions form either a discrete set or a continuum of orthogonal waveguide modes. These are useful for further analysis of ideal waveguide behavior as well as the detailed perturbation studies necessary for analysis of atomic waveguide interferometers.