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physica status solidi (b)

Superconductivity and Metal-Insulator Phase Transition in a Layered Two-Dimensional Fermi Gas

Y. M. Malozovsky, J. D. Fan

Published May 1, 1997• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Using the Fermi-liquid approach with vertex corrections, the effects of exchange and correlation are considered in a layered two-dimensional electron gas. It is shown that the interaction in the particle–hole channel can induce the metal–insulator phase transition when the Fermi momentum is comparable with the inverse interlayer spacing, pF ≈︂ /1c. The possibility of superconductivity in the region between the insulator and normal metal phases, taking into account the particle–hole excitations, is discussed. A smooth crossover from weak to strong coupling superconductivity with the decrease of the 2D carrier density is obtained. The results suggest a new way in the explanation of the phase diagram of layered high-Tc superconductors.

DOI
10.1002/1521-3951(199705)201:1<167::aid-pssb167>3.0.co;2-p

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Using the Fermi-liquid approach with vertex corrections, the effects of exchange and correlation are considered in a layered two-dimensional electron gas. It is shown that the interaction in the particle–hole channel can induce the metal–insulator phase transition when the Fermi momentum is comparable with the inverse interlayer spacing, pF ≈︂ /1c. The possibility of superconductivity in the region between the insulator and normal metal phases, taking into account the particle–hole excitations, is discussed. A smooth crossover from weak to strong coupling superconductivity with the decrease of the 2D carrier density is obtained. The results suggest a new way in the explanation of the phase diagram of layered high-Tc superconductors.
By means of the Fermi-liquid approach, the effects of exchange and correlations are considered in a layered two-dimensional electron gas. A graphical derivative technique is introduced to obtain the contributions to the interparticle interactions from different channels. It is shown that the interaction in the particle - hole channel can induce the metal - insulator phase transition when the Fermi momentum is comparable with the inverse interlayer spacing, . It is also shown that the Cooper-like scattering processes give rise to the scaling of the Fermi liquid response as Im , which leads to the linear temperature dependence of the quasiparticle damping. The possibility of superconductivity in the region between the insulator and normal metal phases, accounting for the particle - hole excitations, is discussed. The effect of the spin fluctuations on the superconductivity due to the particle - hole excitations is also considered.
Inspired by the recent experimental report on the pressure induced superconductor-insulator transition in cuprate superconductors as well as the superconductivity of the Ruddlesden-Popper-phase La3_33​Ni2_22​O7_77​ under high pressure, we systematically investigated the single-orbital bilayer Hubbard model in the regime of large interlayer hybridization to mimic the pressure effects. We map out the phase diagram of interlayer hybridization versus density in the regime of intermediate to strong hybridization. In particular, we found that the sufficiently strong hybridization can destroy the s±s^{\pm}s±-wave pairing and induces its transition to correlated metallic, pseudogap, and Fermi liquid phases depending on the doping regime. The phase diagram hosted by the bilayer model implies its role as the versatile platform to explore the pressure effects on the two-dimensional to three-dimensional crossover physics of Hubbard-type models.
Inspired by the recent experimental report on the pressure-induced superconductor-insulator transition in cuprate superconductors as well as the superconductivity of the Ruddlesden-Popper-phase La3Ni2O7{\mathrm{La}}_{3}{\mathrm{Ni}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}La3​Ni2​O7​ under high pressure, we systematically investigated the single-orbital bilayer Hubbard model in the regime of large interlayer hybridization to mimic the pressure effects. We map out the phase diagram of interlayer hybridization versus density in the regime of intermediate to strong hybridization. In particular, we found that sufficiently strong hybridization can destroy the ${s}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$-wave pairing and induces its transition to correlated metallic, pseudogap, and Fermi liquid phases depending on the doping regime. The phase diagram hosted by the bilayer model implies its role as a versatile platform to explore the pressure effects on the two-dimensional to three-dimensional crossover physics of Hubbard-type models.
The underlying Fermi surface is a key concept for strongly interacting electron models and has been introduced to generalize the usual notion of the Fermi surface to generic (superconducting or insulating) systems. By using improved correlated wave functions that contain backflow and Jastrow terms, we examine the two-dimensional ttt-${t}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ Hubbard model and find a nontrivial renormalization of the topology of the underlying Fermi surface close to the Mott insulator. Moreover, we observe a sharp crossover region, which arises from the metal-insulator transition, from a weakly interacting metal at small coupling to a resonating valence-bond superconductor at intermediate coupling. A violation of the Luttinger theorem is detected at low hole dopings.
The doping-induced metal-insulator transition in two-chain systems of correlated fermions is studied using a solvable limit of the $t\ensuremath{-}J$ model and the fact that various strong- and weak-coupling limits of the two-chain model are in the same phase, i.e., have the same low-energy properties. It is shown that the Luttinger-liquid parameter ${K}_{\ensuremath{\rho}}$ takes the universal value unity as the insulating state (half-filling) is approached, implying dominant ddd-type superconducting fluctuations, independently of the interaction strength. The crossover to insulating behavior of correlations as the transition is approached is discussed.
We investigate the phase diagram of two-dimensional (2D) Hubbard model by employing the optimization variational Monte Carlo method. The 2D Hubbard model is the most simple electronic model for cuprate high-temperature superconductors. The phase diagram consists of three regions; they are antiferromagnetic insulator (AFI) region, superconducting (SC) region and the coexistent region of superconductivity and antiferromgantism. The phase diagram obtained by numerical calculations well agrees with the experimental phase diagram for high-temperature cuprates. We mainly focused on the effect of t′t't′ on the antiferromagnetic (AF) correlation and the AFI region. The area of the AF phase increases when we include t′t't′ and thus the pure ddd-wave SC phase decreases. The AFI phase near half filling decreases as ∣t′∣|t'|∣t′∣ increases.