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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Unusual resonance effect of flourescence emitting from sinters of rare-earth-oxide Er2O3 and some inorganic oxides

Zhengwei Liu, Jian Liu, Zhezhao Zeng

Published Oct 3, 1996• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report for the first time that energy upconversion occurs when the same material was excited by monochrome light of different wavelength. The TTQLL (Three Times Quantum Liquid Law) Fermi Resonance Fluorescence Law advanced by the author in reference 1 is further proved, that is, the peak value of the excited fluorescence posses the following relationships with the wavelength of the excitation light: (lambda) 0/4, (lambda) 0/3, (lambda) 0/2, 2(lambda) 0/3, 3(lambda) 0/4, (lambda) 0, 5(lambda) 0/4, 4(lambda) 0/3, 3(lambda) 0/2, 2(lambda) 0, 3(lambda) 0. We also further discussed the radiation mechanism of this fluorescence and provided a theory model.

DOI
10.1117/12.252948

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We report for the first time that energy upconversion occurs when the same material was excited by monochrome light of different wavelength. The TTQLL (Three Times Quantum Liquid Law) Fermi Resonance Fluorescence Law advanced by the author in reference 1 is further proved, that is, the peak value of the excited fluorescence posses the following relationships with the wavelength of the excitation light: (lambda) 0/4, (lambda) 0/3, (lambda) 0/2, 2(lambda) 0/3, 3(lambda) 0/4, (lambda) 0, 5(lambda) 0/4, 4(lambda) 0/3, 3(lambda) 0/2, 2(lambda) 0, 3(lambda) 0. We also further discussed the radiation mechanism of this fluorescence and provided a theory model.
By measuring ground-state absorption (GSA), fluorescence, and excited-state absorption (ESA) at the wavelength region around 550 nm the population dynamics in Er3+:BaY2F8 and Cs3Er2Br9 are investigated. The excitation dynamics of Er3+:BaY2F8 are comparable with those in other fluoride or oxide materials. In Cs3Er2Br9 the smaller Stark splitting of the levels shifts the wavelengths of the green emission and parasitic ESA off resonance. It enhances, however, ground-state reabsorption. Upconversion leads to significant green fluorescence from the 2H9/2 level. Multiphonon transitions do not contribute to the population dynamics in Cs3Er2Br9.
New efficient mechanisms of long-wavelength excitation of short-wavelength luminescence in a system of rare-earth impurity ions are proposed. The model studied involves a multilevel system of electronic states of a rare-earth ion interacting with the long-wavelength emission that is in resonance with one or several transitions between the excited levels. The concentration of impurity ions is assumed to be sufficiently high, so that the interionic cross-relaxation and the up-conversion play a significant role. Moreover, the model includes processes similar to photon avalanche, in which the photoinduced excitation of a single ion is converted into lower-level excitations of several ions, each of them reentering the process after photon absorption. Numerical solutions of the system of balance equations for a multilevel system are obtained with calculated and semiempirical parameters of self-quenching and up-conversion. It is shown that, in a system of Tm 3+ impurity ions, short-wavelength luminescence at λ≥0.29 μm can be efficiently excited by radiation at λ≅1.11 or 0.649 μm with a moderate intensity.
In this paper, we report the first laser-excited optical double-resonance experiments in rare-earth-doped crystals. Infrared upconversion in LaCl3 : Pr3+ and LaF3 : Pr3+ has been achieved by means of a tunable cw dye laser pump. The quantum efficiency of the upconversion process at 2.03 μ in LaCl3 : Pr3+ is 1.2×10−3, which is an improvement of 4×105 over the highest efficiency found previously with incoherent sources. It is shown that an efficiency of 1 can be easily obtained with higher fluxes and improved crystal quality. Direct excitation of the output fluorescence from the 3P0 level is observed in both LaCl3 : Pr3+ and LaF3 : Pr3+ when the dye laser frequency is resonant with the states of the lower-lying 1D2 manifold in the absence of the infrared input. Detailed assignments of the observed double-resonance transitions have been made from wavelength and polarization measurements.
An optical method for the sensitive detection of excited energy levels in rare-earth luminescent materials is developed based on the magnetic field induced photoluminescence (PL) enhancement phenomenon observed in Er3+:YVO4 crystals. Since the PL intensity of rare-earth luminescent materials is sensitive to the excitation efficiency, continuous tuning of the excitation laser wavelength under a magnetic field could result in a mapping of PL enhancement peaks vs excitation wavelength. This enables us to figure out the fine energy levels and the corresponding Lander g factors of materials, such as Er3+:YVO4 crystal as an example. Comparison between this method and the Zeeman splitting technique demonstrates that the proposed technique is a powerful solution to detect the fine energy structures and Lander g factors of rare-earth luminescent materials.