Advanced Solid-State Lasers

Excited-state dynamics in the low-phonon materials Er3+:BaY2F8 and Cs3Er2Br9

Markus Pollnau, W. Lüthy, H. P. Weber, Karl W. Krämer, H. U. Güdel, R. A. McFarlane

Published Jan 1, 1996• 1 citation

Abstract

By measuring ground-state absorption (GSA), fluorescence, and excited-state absorption (ESA) at the wavelength region around 550 nm the population dynamics in Er3+:BaY2F8 and Cs3Er2Br9 are investigated. The excitation dynamics of Er3+:BaY2F8 are comparable with those in other fluoride or oxide materials. In Cs3Er2Br9 the smaller Stark splitting of the levels shifts the wavelengths of the green emission and parasitic ESA off resonance. It enhances, however, ground-state reabsorption. Upconversion leads to significant green fluorescence from the 2H9/2 level. Multiphonon transitions do not contribute to the population dynamics in Cs3Er2Br9.

DOI: 10.1364/assl.1996.sm8

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Phonon-mediated temperature dependence of Er3+ optical transitions in Er2O3

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Excited-state absorption measurements of Tm3+-doped crystals

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Excited-state absorption in Pr3+ : Y3 Al5 O12

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Physical review. B, Condensed matterJun 1, 199450 citations

Dynamics of the population grating formation in erbium-doped fibers

Eduardo Hernández, Liliana O. Martínez-Martínez, Serguei I. Stepanov

Revista Mexicana de FísicaDec 1, 20151 citation

Efficient infrared quantum counter and excited-state absorption cross-section measurements in europium-doped calcium fluoride

Wenyan Tian, Ranjit S. Pandher, Bommareddi Rami Reddy

Upconversion signals in the wavelength region 407–550 nm were emitted from CaF2:Eu3+ under 578.7 (or 589.2-) nm dye-laser excitation. The intensities of the upconversion signals were enhanced 25× under double-resonance excitation by a 589.2-nm dye laser and a 703.6-nm Ti:sapphire laser. Excited-state absorption cross sections were estimated for some of the transitions.

Journal of the Optical Society of America BNov 1, 20014 citations

Er3+ excited-state absorption in an erbium-doped silica fiber at the wavelengths 1490–1580 and 978 nm

Alexander V. Kir’yanov, Yuri O. Barmenkov, ANA DINORA GUZMAN CHAVEZ

The spectral features of Er 3+ excited-state absorption (ESA) in an erbium-doped silica fiber (EF) at the telecom wavelengths 1490–1580 nm and at the wavelength 978 nm are reported. The measurement of the EF nonlinear transmission coefficient upon pumping the fiber in these spectral ranges, supplied with a theoretical background, allows one to obtain the spectrally dependent ESA parameter for the EF, which is defined as the ratio of the ESA to the ground-state absorption cross section.

Laser PhysicsNov 1, 20087 citations

Advanced Solid-State Lasers

Excited-state dynamics in the low-phonon materials Er3+:BaY2F8 and Cs3Er2Br9

Markus Pollnau, W. Lüthy, H. P. Weber, Karl W. Krämer, H. U. Güdel, R. A. McFarlane

Published Jan 1, 1996• 1 citation

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.1364/assl.1996.sm8

Related papers

Phonon-mediated temperature dependence of Er3+ optical transitions in Er2O3

Adam Dodson, Hongrui Wu, Anuruddh Rai +14 more

Abstract Characterization of the atomic level processes that determine optical transitions in emerging materials is critical to the development of new platforms for classical and quantum networking. Such understanding often emerges from studies of the temperature dependence of the transitions. We report measurements of the temperature dependent Er 3+ photoluminescence in single crystal Er 2 O 3 thin films epitaxially grown on Si(111) focused on transitions that involve the closely spaced Stark-split levels. Radiative intensities are compared to a model that includes relevant Stark-split states, single phonon-assisted excitations, and the well-established level population redistribution due to thermalization. This approach, applied to the individual Stark-split states and employing Er 2 O 3 specific single-phonon-assisted excitations, gives good agreement with experiment. This model allows us to demonstrate the difference in the electron-phonon coupling of the 4 S 3/2 and 2 H 11/2 states of Er 3+ in E 2 O 3 and suggests that the temperature dependence of Er 3+ emission intensity may vary significantly with small shifts in the wavelength (~0.1 nm) of the excitation source.Abstract Characterization of the atomic level processes that determine optical transitions in emerging materials is critical to the development of new platforms for classical and quantum networking. Such understanding often emerges from studies of the temperature dependence of the transitions. We report measurements of the temperature dependent Er 3+ photoluminescence in single crystal Er 2 O 3 thin films epitaxially grown on Si(111) focused on transitions that involve the closely spaced Stark-split levels. Radiative intensities are compared to a model that includes relevant Stark-split states, single phonon-assisted excitations, and the well-established level population redistribution due to thermalization. This approach, applied to the individual Stark-split states and employing Er 2 O 3 specific single-phonon-assisted excitations, gives good agreement with experiment. This model allows us to demonstrate the difference in the electron-phonon coupling of the 4 S 3/2 and 2 H 11/2 states of Er 3+ in E 2 O 3 and suggests that the temperature dependence of Er 3+ emission intensity may vary significantly with small shifts in the wavelength (~0.1 nm) of the excitation source.

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Excited-state absorption measurements of Tm3+-doped crystals

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Excited-state absorption in Pr3+ : Y3 Al5 O12

Y. M. Cheung, Swapan Kumar Gayen

The optical-absorption transitions originating from the lowest 4f5d excited state of ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ in ${\mathrm{Y}}_{3}$ ${\mathrm{Al}}_{5}$ ${\mathrm{O}}_{12}$ have been studied. The experimental arrangement uses a 7-ns 266-nm light pulse to populate the lowest 4f5d state, and a spatially overlapped, time-sequenced pulse from a frequency-tunable dye laser to induce transitions from that excited state. The excited-state-absorption (ESA) spectrum covering the 900--300-nm probe wavelength range is characterized by two broad peaks centered at 700 and 350 nm on a slowly rising background. The peak ESA cross section at 355 nm is (1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.1)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}17}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ . The position, shape, and strength of the spectrum suggest that the terminal states of the ESA transitions are the second 4f5d state of ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ and the conduction band of the host lattice. The ESA measurements have been extended to transitions from the $^{3}$ ${\mathit{P}}_{0}$ and $^{1}$ ${\mathit{D}}_{2}$ excited states of the 4 ${\mathit{f}}^{2}$ configuration of ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ as well. The ESA cross sections at a probe wavelength of 532 nm are (8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}19}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ and (5.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}19}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ for transitions from the $^{3}$ ${\mathit{P}}_{0}$ and $^{1}$ ${\mathit{D}}_{2}$ excited states, respectively. The terminal state of ESA transitions from these two levels is the lowest 4f5d state. The strong ESA completely inhibits the potential laser action based on emission from these states in this crystal.The optical-absorption transitions originating from the lowest 4f5d excited state of ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ in ${\mathrm{Y}}_{3}$${\mathrm{Al}}_{5}$${\mathrm{O}}_{12}$ have been studied. The experimental arrangement uses a 7-ns 266-nm light pulse to populate the lowest 4f5d state, and a spatially overlapped, time-sequenced pulse from a frequency-tunable dye laser to induce transitions from that excited state. The excited-state-absorption (ESA) spectrum covering the 900--300-nm probe wavelength range is characterized by two broad peaks centered at 700 and 350 nm on a slowly rising background. The peak ESA cross section at 355 nm is (1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.1)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}17}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$. The position, shape, and strength of the spectrum suggest that the terminal states of the ESA transitions are the second 4f5d state of ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ and the conduction band of the host lattice. The ESA measurements have been extended to transitions from the $^{3}$${\mathit{P}}_{0}$ and $^{1}$${\mathit{D}}_{2}$ excited states of the 4${\mathit{f}}^{2}$ configuration of ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ as well. The ESA cross sections at a probe wavelength of 532 nm are (8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}19}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ and (5.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}19}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ for transitions from the $^{3}$${\mathit{P}}_{0}$ and $^{1}$${\mathit{D}}_{2}$ excited states, respectively. The terminal state of ESA transitions from these two levels is the lowest 4f5d state. The strong ESA completely inhibits the potential laser action based on emission from these states in this crystal.

Physical review. B, Condensed matterJun 1, 199450 citations

Dynamics of the population grating formation in erbium-doped fibers

Eduardo Hernández, Liliana O. Martínez-Martínez, Serguei I. Stepanov

"Experimental results on formation dynamics of population gratings in erbium-doped fiber (EDF) investigated via two-wave mixing (TWM) are reported. It is shown that at all three utilized essentially different recording wavelengths 1492, 1526 and 1568nm the transient TWM response in EDF with low erbium concentration (¼ 640 ppm) has the characteristic rate significantly larger than that of the population of the Er3+ meta-stable level evaluated from the fluorescence dynamics. Additionally in EDF with high erbium concentration (¼ 5600 ppm) the TWM response is faster (even at low recording power) and the relative TWM amplitude is lower than that in EDF with low concentration. General increase of the TWM response rate is explained by contribution of a transient decrease of the fiber average absorption level, while above-mentioned differences observed in heavily doped EDF - by spatial migration of the excited states. The spectral dependence of the later effect is attributed to the difference in the absorption/emission cross-section ratio of the Er3+ ions at the utilized wavelengths.""Experimental results on formation dynamics of population gratings in erbium-doped fiber (EDF) investigated via two-wave mixing (TWM) are reported. It is shown that at all three utilized essentially different recording wavelengths 1492, 1526 and 1568nm the transient TWM response in EDF with low erbium concentration (¼ 640 ppm) has the characteristic rate significantly larger than that of the population of the Er3+ meta-stable level evaluated from the fluorescence dynamics. Additionally in EDF with high erbium concentration (¼ 5600 ppm) the TWM response is faster (even at low recording power) and the relative TWM amplitude is lower than that in EDF with low concentration. General increase of the TWM response rate is explained by contribution of a transient decrease of the fiber average absorption level, while above-mentioned differences observed in heavily doped EDF - by spatial migration of the excited states. The spectral dependence of the later effect is attributed to the difference in the absorption/emission cross-section ratio of the Er3+ ions at the utilized wavelengths."

Revista Mexicana de FísicaDec 1, 20151 citation

Efficient infrared quantum counter and excited-state absorption cross-section measurements in europium-doped calcium fluoride

Wenyan Tian, Ranjit S. Pandher, Bommareddi Rami Reddy

Journal of the Optical Society of America BNov 1, 20014 citations

Er3+ excited-state absorption in an erbium-doped silica fiber at the wavelengths 1490–1580 and 978 nm

Alexander V. Kir’yanov, Yuri O. Barmenkov, ANA DINORA GUZMAN CHAVEZ

Laser PhysicsNov 1, 20087 citations

The optical-absorption transitions originating from the lowest 4f5d excited state of

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

{\mathrm{Y}}_{3}

{\mathrm{Al}}_{5}

{\mathrm{O}}_{12}

have been studied. The experimental arrangement uses a 7-ns 266-nm light pulse to populate the lowest 4f5d state, and a spatially overlapped, time-sequenced pulse from a frequency-tunable dye laser to induce transitions from that excited state. The excited-state-absorption (ESA) spectrum covering the 900--300-nm probe wavelength range is characterized by two broad peaks centered at 700 and 350 nm on a slowly rising background. The peak ESA cross section at 355 nm is (1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.1)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}17}$

{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}

. The position, shape, and strength of the spectrum suggest that the terminal states of the ESA transitions are the second 4f5d state of

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

and the conduction band of the host lattice. The ESA measurements have been extended to transitions from the

^{3}

{\mathit{P}}_{0}

and

^{1}

{\mathit{D}}_{2}

excited states of the 4

{\mathit{f}}^{2}

configuration of

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

as well. The ESA cross sections at a probe wavelength of 532 nm are (8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}19}$

{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}

and (5.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}19}$

{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}

for transitions from the

^{3}

{\mathit{P}}_{0}

and

^{1}

{\mathit{D}}_{2}

excited states, respectively. The terminal state of ESA transitions from these two levels is the lowest 4f5d state. The strong ESA completely inhibits the potential laser action based on emission from these states in this crystal.