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Physical Review A

Near dipole-dipole effects in electromagnetically induced transparency

Ningjun Wang, HERSCHEL A. RABITZ

Published Jun 1, 1995• 15 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present numerical calculations on the propagation of resonant optical pulse pairs in an absorbing medium of three-level \ensuremath{\Lambda} systems taking into account near dipole-dipole (NDD) interactions. We find that the NDD interactions reduce the effect of the electromagnetically induced transparency and the pulse group velocity. The NDD effect on phase modulation is also studied.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.51.5029

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We present numerical calculations on the propagation of resonant optical pulse pairs in an absorbing medium of three-level \ensuremath{\Lambda} systems taking into account near dipole-dipole (NDD) interactions. We find that the NDD interactions reduce the effect of the electromagnetically induced transparency and the pulse group velocity. The NDD effect on phase modulation is also studied.
Through numerical simulations we show that the propagation of pairs of optical pulses in a double-\ensuremath{\Lambda} configuration is favorable for the attainment of electromagnetically induced transparency with matched pulses, even through a long absorbing sample. The double-\ensuremath{\Lambda} configuration allows a flexible and precise control of the amplitudes and phases for the propagating pulses. Different atomic and field configurations based on a double-\ensuremath{\Lambda} system in rubidium atoms have been explored.
We study the dynamics of the phase pulses of laser radiation with two resonant frequency components propagating in an atomic three-level Λ type medium under coherent population trapping. Using the density matrix adiabatic approach we show that the effect of a very large slowing down occurs not only for amplitude pulses, but also for phase pulses. The group velocity of phase pulses can be controlled by the amplitudes of resonant fields. The analytical solution describing the mutual influence of the phase modulation of one field component on another is obtained.
We analyze the influence of dipole-dipole interactions in an electromagnetically induced transparency set up for a density at the onset of cooperative effects. To this end, we include mean-field models for the influence of local-field corrections and radiation trapping into our calculation. We show both analytically and numerically that the polarization contribution to the local field strongly modulates the phase of a weak pulse. We give an intuitive explanation for this local-field-induced phase modulation and demonstrate that it distinctively differs from the nonlinear self-phase-modulation that a strong pulse experiences in a Kerr medium.
Gap solitons can exist in a periodic refractive-index grating modified by periodic layers of near-resonant two-level systems. In this work, we include the effect of the density-dependent near-dipole-dipole (NDD) interaction in order to generalize this model. For certain values of the grating parameters, we find that the NDD interaction significantly modifies the frequency bands in which gap solitons can exist. The difference between the model with and without the NDD interaction is discussed. The stability of gap solitons is studied numerically.
Due to possessing big principal quantum number, Rydberg atom has some unique properties, for example: its radiative lifetime is long, dipole moment is large, and interaction between atoms is strong and so on. These properties make one pay attention to Rydberg atoms. In this paper we investigate the effects of Rydberg dipole-dipole interactions on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) schemes and group velocity in three-level systems of ladder type, which provides theoretical foundation for exploring the linear and nonlinear characteristics of light in a Rydberg electromagnetically-induced-transparency medium.
Abstract We report the results of an analytical and numerical analysis of the evolution of nanosecond probe pulses in the case of electromagnetically induced transparency in the Λ-scheme of degenerate quantum transitions. It is assumed that the probe and control fields at the active medium input are elliptically polarised, and one of them is phase modulated. It is shown analytically that probe radiation in a medium is the sum of two normal modes propagating independently of each other. Because the group velocities of normal mode pulses are different, a single probe pulse entering the medium decays inside the medium into separate pulses, each of which transfers the energy of one of the normal modes. Numerical simulations have shown that with a sufficiently large phase modulation, normal modes, whose intensity on the input surface is described by a bell-shaped curve, turn into trains of subpulses in the medium. Phase modulation of the input field has practically no effect on the group propagation velocities of normal modes, but it reduces the transparency of the medium for probe radiation.