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Applied Mechanics and Materials

Population Transfer in Multilevel System via Modified Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage

Xiao Qin Shu, Chi Deng, Ye Kuang, Jian Yang, Yi Ding Liu

Published Jul 1, 2014• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

During the STIRAP process, the intermediate levels will have notable population which is detrimental if these levels could decay to other levels through spontaneous emission. Here, we propose a novel method which could reduce the intermediate level population during the STIRAP process. A complete population transfer could be achieved in this modified STIRAP even if the intermediate level could decay to other levels.

DOI
10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.577.112

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During the STIRAP process, the intermediate levels will have notable population which is detrimental if these levels could decay to other levels through spontaneous emission. Here, we propose a novel method which could reduce the intermediate level population during the STIRAP process. A complete population transfer could be achieved in this modified STIRAP even if the intermediate level could decay to other levels.
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This work explores the effect of spontaneous emission on the population transfer efficiency in stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP). The approach uses adiabatic elimination of weakly coupled density matrix elements in the Liouville equation, from which a very accurate analytic approximation is derived. The loss of population transfer efficiency is found to decrease exponentially with the factor ${\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{0}^{2}∕\ensuremath{\Gamma}$, where $\ensuremath{\Gamma}$ is the spontaneous emission rate and ${\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{0}$ is the peak Rabi frequency. The transfer efficiency increases with the pulse delay and reaches a steady value. For large pulse delay and large spontaneous emission rate STIRAP degenerates into optical pumping.
Abstract We consider coherent population transfer in multilevel quantum systems driven by time-delayed pulse trains. We show how to choose the parameters of the trains so that the population dynamics tracks the behavior of a Λ-type three-level system under stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP). Efficient population transfer can be achieved regardless of the order and with or without overlap of the pump and the Stokes sub-pulses of the trains. Generalized STIRAP schemes of population transfer in N -level system with sequential couplings are also examined. The mechanism of the population transfer and the robustness of the proposed schemes are discussed.
STIRAP (stimulated Raman adiabatic passage) has proven to be an efficient and robust technique for transferring population in a three-level system without populating the intermediate state. Here we show that the counterintuitive pulse sequence in STIRAP, in which the Stokes pulse precedes the pump, emerges automatically from a variant of optimal control theory we have previously called ``local'' optimization. Since local optimization is a well-defined, automated computational procedure, this opens the door to automated computation of generalized STIRAP schemes in arbitrarily complicated NNN-level coupling situations. If the coupling is sequential, a simple qualitative extension of STIRAP emerges: the Stokes pulse precedes the pump as in the three-level system. But, in addition, spanning both the Stokes and pump pulses are pulses corresponding to the transitions between the $N\ensuremath{-}2$ intermediate states with intensities about an order of magnitude greater than those of the Stokes and pump pulses. This scheme is amazingly robust, leading to almost 100% population transfer with significantly less population transfer to the $N\ensuremath{-}2$ intermediate states than in previously proposed extensions of STIRAP.