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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Anomalous hysteretic behavior in a system of dipolar Bose gases

Daisuke Yamamoto, Ippei Danshita, Carlos A. R. Sá de Melo

Published Dec 17, 2012• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate the hysteresis characteristics in a system of dipolar Bose gases loaded into a triangular lattice. We perform a large-size cluster mean-field analysis for the corresponding dipolar Bose-Hubbard model in the hard-core boson limit and show that in varying the chemical potential the system can exhibit a hysteretic behavior without forming the standard "hysteresis-loop" structure. In this anomalous hysteresis, the quantum melting transition from the supersolid (or solid) to superfluid state can occur, but the reverse process (quantum solidification) is impossible.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/400/1/012083

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We investigate the hysteresis characteristics in a system of dipolar Bose gases loaded into a triangular lattice. We perform a large-size cluster mean-field analysis for the corresponding dipolar Bose-Hubbard model in the hard-core boson limit and show that in varying the chemical potential the system can exhibit a hysteretic behavior without forming the standard "hysteresis-loop" structure. In this anomalous hysteresis, the quantum melting transition from the supersolid (or solid) to superfluid state can occur, but the reverse process (quantum solidification) is impossible.
We study phase transitions and hysteresis in a system of dipolar bosons loaded into triangular optical lattices at zero temperature. We find that the quantum melting transition from supersolid to superfluid phase is first order, in contrast with the previous report. We also find that due to strong quantum fluctuations the supersolid (or solid)-superfluid transition can exhibit an anomalous hysteretic behavior, in which the curve of density versus chemical potential does not form a standard loop structure. Furthermore, we show that the transition occurs unidirectionally along the anomalous hysteresis curve.
We study the first-order quantum phase transitions of Bose gases in optical lattices. A special emphasis is placed on an anomalous hysteresis behavior, in which the phase transition occurs in a unidirectional way and a hysteresis loop does not form. We first revisit the hardcore Bose-Hubbard model with dipole-dipole interactions on a triangular lattice to analyze accurately the ground-state phase diagram and the hysteresis using the cluster mean-field theory combined with cluster-size scaling. Details of the anomalous hysteresis are presented. We next consider the two-component and spin-1 Bose-Hubbard models on a hypercubic lattice and show that the anomalous hysteresis can emerge in these systems as well. In particular, for the former model, we discuss the experimental feasibility of the first-order transitions and the associated hysteresis. We also explain an underlying mechanism of the anomalous hysteresis by means of the Ginzburg-Landau theory. From the given cases, we conclude that the anomalous hysteresis is a ubiquitous phenomenon of systems with a phase region of lobe shape that is surrounded by the first-order boundary.
We present a theory of hysteretic phenomena in Bose gases, using superfluidity in one-dimensional rings and in optical lattices as primary examples. Through this study we are able to give a physical interpretation of swallow-tail loops recently found by many authors in the mean-field energy structure of trapped atomic gases. These loops are a generic sign of hysteresis, and in the present context are an indication of superfluidity. We have also calculated the rate of decay of metastable current-carrying states due to quantum fluctuations.
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We study the ground state properties of the extended hard-core Bose–Hubbard model in a two-dimensional anisotropic triangular lattice by quantum Monte Carlo simulations. We present the ground state phase diagram at half filling. Four kinds of phases, including two solid phases, a superfluid phase and a supersolid phase, are observed. The supersolid phase exists only in a narrow region close to the isotropic limit. Away from half filling, we find that the results are strongly dependent on the phase at half filling. No supersolid phase exists if the ground state at half filling is a superfluid or a solid.
In this paper, we study phase diagrams of dipolar hard-core boson gases on a honeycomb lattice. The system is described by the Haldane-Bose-Hubbard model with complex hopping amplitudes and nearest-neighbor repulsion. By using the slave-particle representation of the hard-core bosons and also the path-integral quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate the system and show that the systems have a rich phase diagram. There are Mott, superfluid, chiral superfluid, and sublattice chiral superfluid phases as well as the density-wave phase. We also found a coexisting phase of superfluid and chiral superfluid. Critical behaviors of the phase transitions are also clarified.