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Materials Science and Engineering B

Interference of Bose condensates: testing the paradigm of broken gauge symmetry

M. Naraschewski, Andreas Röhrl, Hartmut Wallis, Axel Schenzle

Published Aug 1, 1997• 6 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s0921-5107(97)00072-x

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We investigate the prospects of atomic interference using samples of Bose condensed atoms. First we show the ability of two independent Bose condensates to create an interference pattern. This holds even if both condensates are described by Fock states. Thus, the existence of an experimental signature for a broken gauge symmetry, seen in a single run of the experiment, is not necessarily reflected by a broken symmetry on the level of the quantum mechanical state vector. Based on these results, we simulate numerically a recent experiment with two independent Bose condensates [K. B. Davis et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 3969 (1995)]. The existence of interference fringes is predicted based on the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. Finally we study theoretically the influence of finite temperatures on the visibility of the interference in a double pinhole configuration. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

arXiv:atom-ph/9606005•Physical Review A•Sep 1, 1996•129 citations
We study theoretically the macroscopic interference of two independent Bose condensates released from a double potential trap. The observation of fringes could serve as a test for the paradigm of broken gauge symmetry. By numerical solution of the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation in three dimensions, the consecutive stages of expansion, overlap, and interference are investigated in order to facilitate the design of future experiments. The phase-space dynamics of the condensates is analyzed by means of the Wigner function. It turns out that the distance of interference fringes grows linearly in time with a velocity inversely proportional to the initial distance of the two condensates. The collisional reduction of the fringe visibility is estimated.
We investigate the prospects of atomic interference using samples of Bose condensed atoms. First we show the ability of two independent Bose condensates to create an interference pattern. This holds even if both condensates are described by Fock states. Thus, the existence of an experimental signature for a broken gauge symmetry, seen in a single run of the experiment, is not necessarily reflected by a broken symmetry on the level of the quantum mechanical state vector. Based on these results, we simulate numerically a recent experiment with two independent Bose condensates [K. B. Davis et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 3969 (1995)]. The existence of interference fringes is predicted based on the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. Finally we study theoretically the influence of finite temperatures on the visibility of the interference in a double pinhole configuration. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.