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Le Journal de Physique Colloques

LOW TEMPERATURE CRITICAL BEHAVIOUR OF THE ISING MODEL OF FERROMAGNETISM

Anthony John Guttmann, Cyril Domb, P F Fox

Published Feb 1, 1971• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Low temperature series expansions for the spin S = 1 Ising model on various two and three dimensional lattices have been generated. By extrapolation of these series, it is found that the critical exponents β, γ' and δ appear to be the same as for the spin S = 1/2 Ising model. For the spin S = 1/2 Ising model, we have found that the class of configurations represented by Cayley trees make a significant contribution to the low temperature series coefficients. In particular, we find that the distribution of singularities within the disk | u | ≤ |uc |(uc = exp[- 4 J/kTc], Tc is the critical temperature) is well represented by including only the Cayley trees in the partition function.

DOI
10.1051/jphyscol:19711121

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Low temperature series expansions for the spin S = 1 Ising model on various two and three dimensional lattices have been generated. By extrapolation of these series, it is found that the critical exponents β, γ' and δ appear to be the same as for the spin S = 1/2 Ising model. For the spin S = 1/2 Ising model, we have found that the class of configurations represented by Cayley trees make a significant contribution to the low temperature series coefficients. In particular, we find that the distribution of singularities within the disk | u | ≤ |uc |(uc = exp[- 4 J/kTc], Tc is the critical temperature) is well represented by including only the Cayley trees in the partition function.
Low temperature Ising model series in the usual variable z = exp(−4 J/kT ) are analysed. The positions of the singularities in the disk|z| <or=|z c | and the values of the corresponding critical exponents are determined for the simple cubic, body-centred cubic and face-centred cubic lattices. We obtain the following estimates of the physical critical exponents: β = 0·312 ± 0·002 for the simple cubic and face-centred cubic lattices, and β = 0·312 ± 0·004 for the body-centred cubic lattice. γprime = 1·31 ± 0·02 for the simple cubic lattice, γprime = 1·28 ± 0·04 for the body-centred cubic lattice, and γprime = 1·3 ± 0·1 for the face-centred cubic lattice. For the low temperature specific heat exponent we obtain fraction one-sixteens <or= αprime <or= ¼.
Low temperature Ising model series in the usual variable z = exp(−4J/kT) are analysed. The positions of the singularities in the disk|z| <or=|zc| and the values of the corresponding critical exponents are determined for the simple cubic, body-centred cubic and face-centred cubic lattices. We obtain the following estimates of the physical critical exponents: β = 0312 ± 0002 for the simple cubic and face-centred cubic lattices, and β = 0312 ± 0004 for the body-centred cubic lattice. γprime = 131 ± 002 for the simple cubic lattice, γprime = 128 ± 004 for the body-centred cubic lattice, and γprime = 13 ± 01 for the face-centred cubic lattice. For the low temperature specific heat exponent we obtain fraction one-sixteens <or= αprime <or= ¼.
The finite-lattice method of series expansion has been used to extend low-temperature series for the partition function, order parameter and susceptibility of the spin-1 Ising model on the square lattice. A new formalism is described which uses two distinct transfer-matrix approaches in order to significantly reduce computer memory requirements and which permits the derivation of the series to 79th order. Subsequent analysis of the series clearly confirms that the spin-1 model has the same dominant critical exponents as the spin- 1/2 Ising model. Accurate estimates for both the critical temperature and non-physical singularities are obtained. In addition, evidence for a non-analytic confluent correction with exponent Delta 1 =1.1+or-0.1 is found.
Series expansions are presented for the magnetisation, susceptibility, magnetic field derivatives of the susceptibility and 'specific heat' of the zero-temperature transverse Ising model. Coefficients in these series have been calculated to tenth order in lambda 2 (where lambda is the transverse field) for the linear chain, to eighth order for the square lattice and to seventh order for the triangular lattice. These series yield estimates of the low-temperature critical exponents alpha ', beta ', gamma ' and Delta ' of the two- and three-dimensional Ising models. They provide good evidence for the symmetry of exponents above and below the critical point, e.g. gamma '= gamma .