Abstract The effect of restricting the displacements of a quantum mechanical harmonic oscillator to semi-infinite and finite regions is studied. It is shown how the eigenvalue problem may be solved, both graphically, and from certain series expansions.
In the study of the effects of finite boundaries on the magnetic properties of a solid, one encounters the problem of finding the energy eigenvalues of a one-dimensional harmonic oscillator located in a potential enclosure. Series expansion techniques are applied to solve this problem for a harmonic oscillator located at the center of an infinitely high potential well. An analytical expression for the energy eigenvalues is found as a function of the size potential enclosure L, the quantum state n, oscillator frequency ω, and the mass of the particle m. The first order approximation of this expression is given by E = Eosccoth(Eosc/Ebox) where Eosc = ℏ ω(n + 1/2) is the energy eigenvalues of an unbound harmonic oscillator and Ebox = (2m/ℏ2) (n + 1)2π2/L2 is the energy eigenvalues of a free particle in an infinitely high well. For the ground state this approximation is better than 1% for all values of L, ω, and m.
The single well 1D harmonic oscillator is one of the most fundamental and commonly solved problems in quantum mechanics. Traditionally, in most introductory quantum mechanics textbooks, it is solved using either a power series method, which ultimately leads to the Hermite polynomials, or by ladder operators methods. We show here that, by employing one straightforward variable transformation, this problem can be solved, and the resulting state functions can be given in terms of parabolic cylinder functions. Additionally, the same approach can be used to solve the Schrödinger equation for the 1D harmonic oscillator in a uniform electric field. In this case, the process yields two possible solutions. One is the well-known result where the 1D oscillator eigenvalues are reduced by a frequency-dependent term, which can have any positive value. The other is where the field term is restricted to be an integer and the eigenvalues are in the same form as for the field-free case. We show how the results can be used to create a harmonic approximation for the bound states of a Lennard-Jones potential.