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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Some features of parametric conversion of infrared radiation in a system generating a difference frequency

Yu A Galaĭchuk, V. L. Strizhevskiǐ, Yu. N. Yashkir

Published Nov 30, 1984• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A fluctuation theory is developed for the parametric conversion of infrared radiation utilizing four-photon difference frequency generation processes. An analysis is made of some features of optical parametric oscillation in this system allowing for sum frequency generation. Parametric "conversion" of quantum fluctuations to the frequency range of the infrared signal is discussed and it is shown that this effect increases the noise level.

DOI
10.1070/qe1984v014n11abeh006485

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A fluctuation theory is developed for the parametric conversion of infrared radiation utilizing four-photon difference frequency generation processes. An analysis is made of some features of optical parametric oscillation in this system allowing for sum frequency generation. Parametric "conversion" of quantum fluctuations to the frequency range of the infrared signal is discussed and it is shown that this effect increases the noise level.
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A systematic analysis was made of the spectral characteristics of resonance four-photon parametric conversion of infrared radiation as a result of two-photon resonance pumping of the 3S–3D and 3S–5S transitions in sodium and the influence of these characteristics on the threshold sensitivity of a parametric conversion detector was investigated. An experimental study was made of the characteristics of the noise radiation generated as a result of hyperparametric scattering. The results obtained can be used to select the optimal parameters of high-sensitivity detectors of weak infrared signals by parametric conversion in alkali metal vapors.
A study was made of the dependences of the efficiency of resonant parametric frequency conversion in sodium vapor on the infrared radiation wavelength, vapor density, and detuning from two-photon pump resonance. It was found in this conversion system that for each infrared wave the conversion efficiency had three maxima on tuning the frequency of two-photon pumping over the region of a forbidden transition. The principal maximum was realized for accurate two-photon resonance, and the two other maxima resulted from a rise in the cubic susceptibility close to single-photon sum-frequency resonances. A quantum efficiency of 35% was achieved for a 9.26 μ infrared wave.
Four-photon parametric up-conversion of a weak infrared signal under conditions of two-photon resonance of a constant nonmonochromatic pump field is analyzed allowing for population migration, transient response of the medium, Stark shift of the levels, and width of the pump frequency spectrum. It is found that under steady-state conversion conditions in a nonmonochromatic pump field, it is possible to achieve an average conversion efficiency differing only negligibly from the maximum conversion efficiency in a monochromatic pump field. An analysis is made of the influence of optically induced relaxation on the average conversion efficiency in the transient regime. Numerical estimates are made of the transition parameters for an alkali metal vapor in a frequency-degenerate pump field exciting a two-photon transition.
An investigation is made of four-photon sum and difference frequency generation under two-photon resonance conditions allowing for population migration accompanying incoherent processes and for the possibility of a one-photon quasiresonance with the emitted radiation in inverted and uninverted media. A study is made of parametric bleaching of the medium and phase locking of the interacting waves, their stability, and influence on the conversion quantum efficiency η . It is established that resonant parametric processes have a larger region of stability than nonresonant ones. An analysis is made of bifurcation, typical of resonant processes, that strongly influences η . Accurate analytic expressions are derived for the maximum attainable values of η and it is shown that there is an optimum frequency detuning from a one-photon resonance.