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Chinese Physics Letters

Atomic Magnetic Lattices and Their Applications

Yin Jian-Ping, Gao Wei-Jian, Jianjun Hu, Liu Nan-Chun

Published Feb 22, 2002• 16 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a novel scheme to construct one-, two- or three-dimensional (1D, 2D or 3D) atomic magnetic lattices by using various arrays of microscopic magnetic traps, which are composed of some arrays of current-carrying wires. The magnetic field distributions from 1D, 2D and 3D arrays of the current-carrying wires are calculated, and some interesting and periodic magnetic microstructures are found. Our study shows that these magnetic lattices may be used to prepare 1D, 2D or 3D photonic crystals and so on.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/19/3/313

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A single microscopic magnetic trap for neutral atoms using planar current-carrying wires was proposed and studied theoretically by Weinstein et al . In this paper, we propose three structures of composite current-carrying wires to provide 1D, 2D and 3D arrays of microscopic magnetic traps for cold alkali atoms. The spatial distributions of magnetic fields generated by these structures are calculated and the field gradient and curvature in each single microtrap are analysed. Our study shows that arrays of microscopic magnetic traps can be used to provide 1D, 2D or 3D atomic magnetic lattices and even to realize 1D, 2D and 3D arrays of magneto-optical traps and so on.
We propose one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) arrays of magnetic surface microtraps for cold alkali atoms using some arrays of current-carrying wires and we calculate the spatial distributions of magnetic fields from the 1D and 2D arrays of current-carrying wires. The field gradients and curvatures from a single magnetic microtrap are analysed, and some interesting and periodic magnetic-well microstructures are found. The result shows that a magnetic-field gradient greater than 2.4 × 10 5 G/cm and a field curvature greater than 4.05 × 10 8 G/cm 2 can be generated in our array of magnetic microtraps, which can be used to realize the 1D and 2D arrays of Bose-Einstein condensations (or 1D and 2D arrays of Bose clusters) by rf-induced evaporative cooling, and then to form 1D and 2D atomic magnetic lattices, even to prepare 1D and 2D photonic crystals.
Abstract We propose two novel schemes for guiding cold, neutral atoms using static magnetic fields generated by several cylindrical arrays of current‐carrying wires or a few different‐shaped (V‐, or U‐shaped, etc.) current‐carrying conductors, and calculate the corresponding magnetic‐field contours and their trapping potentials. Our study shows that some guiding schemes can be used to form an atomic funnel, or an atomic beam‐splitter, or even construct an atomic interferometer, and some guiding schemes can be used to realize a single‐mode wave guide of ultracold atoms (or coherent matter waves, BEC) under certain conditions. We also propose a few new schemes to microscopically trap neutral atoms by using various planar arrays of current‐carrying wires and calculate the spatial distribution of the magnetic fields. Our research shows that these microtrap arrays can be used to form 1D, 2D or 3D atomic magnetic lattices, and then to prepare 1D, 2D or 3D photonic crystals, even to realize a 1D, 2D or 3D array of magnetically‐trapped BECs or Bose Clusters.
We propose the use of periodic arrays of permanent magnetic films for producing magnetic lattices of microtraps for confining, manipulating and controlling small clouds of ultracold atoms and quantum degenerate gases. Using analytical expressions and numerical calculations we show that periodic arrays of magnetic films can produce one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) magnetic lattices with non-zero potential minima, allowing ultracold atoms to be trapped without losses due to spin flips. In particular, we show that two crossed layers of periodic arrays of parallel rectangular magnets plus bias fields, or a single layer of periodic arrays of square-shaped magnets with three different thicknesses plus bias fields, can produce 2D magnetic lattices of microtraps having non-zero potential minima and controllable trap depth. For arrays with micron-scale periodicity, the magnetic microtraps can have very large trap depths ($\sim$0.5 mK for the realistic parameters chosen for the 2D lattice) and very tight confinement.