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International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks

Photon pair generation 1310 – 1550 nm based on active photonic crystal: Heralded single photon source model

Moez Attia, Rihab Chatta

Published Jun 1, 2010• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report a heralded single photon source model; it consists on active two-dimensional crystal over LiNbO3excited by a laser source at (1310 nm and 1550 nm). Photons detected through the crystal are filtered to eliminate of the laser source one. The photons at 1310 nm and 1550 nm will be spatially separated; the photon at 1310 nm is the trigger to announce the photon at 1550 nm. The contribution of this work is the using of the 2D photonic crystal to improve the conversion light efficiency and obtain height DOM at 1310 nm and 1550 nm, which will increase the probability to obtain single photon. This study can serve for the conception of new quantum communications protocols.

DOI
10.1109/icton.2010.5549316

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We report a heralded single photon source model; it consists on active two-dimensional crystal over LiNbO3excited by a laser source at (1310 nm and 1550 nm). Photons detected through the crystal are filtered to eliminate of the laser source one. The photons at 1310 nm and 1550 nm will be spatially separated; the photon at 1310 nm is the trigger to announce the photon at 1550 nm. The contribution of this work is the using of the 2D photonic crystal to improve the conversion light efficiency and obtain height DOM at 1310 nm and 1550 nm, which will increase the probability to obtain single photon. This study can serve for the conception of new quantum communications protocols.
In this paper we present a scheme of a heralded single photon source based on active two-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) over LiNbO3 excited by continuous pump laser source. The use of 2D photonic crystal could improve the conversion light efficiency and obtain height density of mode (DOM) at 1310nm and 1550nm, which will increase the probability of obtaining single photon. The scheme is based on two photonic crystals arranged in serial configuration. The first one acts as extractor of the two wavelengths, and the second as a demultiplexer and can be considered as a time-delay coupler. Also constraints related to manufacturing process are reported in order to show performances of the CP on the heralded single photon source model.
In this work we address a comparison study between two kinds of Single Photon Sources (SPS). The first SPS is an Enhanced SPS (ESPS), which consists of an association between InAs/GaAs Quantum Dot (QD) and photonic crystal (PC) microcavity. The ESPS emits a single photon at 1550 nm with probability P1 around 0.7. The second SPS is the Heralded SPS (HSPS) and based on active two-dimensional PC over LiNbO3 and emits photons at 1310 nm and 1550nm. The photon at 1310 nm triggers the detection mechanism of the photon at 1550nm. The probability to obtain a HSPS at 1550 nm is closed to 0.57. Finally, we present a comparison study between ESPS and HSPS when they are used in an application of quantum communication.
We report on a guided-wave asynchronous heralded single-photon source based on the creation of nondegenerate photon pairs by spontaneous parametric downconversion in a periodically poled lithium niobate wave-guide. We show that, by use of the signal photon at 1310 nm as a trigger, a gated detection process permits announcement of the arrival of single photons at 1550 nm at the output of a single-mode optical fiber with a high probability of 0.37. At the same time the multiphoton emission probability is reduced by a factor of 10 compared with Poissonian light sources. Furthermore, the model we have developed to calculate those figures of merit is shown to be accurate. This study can therefore serve as a paradigm for the conception of new quantum communication and computation networks.
We report on a guided wave heralded photon source based on the creation of non-degenerate photon pairs by spontaneous parametric down conversion in a Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate waveguide. Using the signal photon at 1310 nm as a trigger, a gated detection process permits announcing the arrival of single photons at 1550 nm at the output of a single mode optical fiber with the best probability to date of 0.38. The multi-photon emission probability is reduced by a factor of 10 compared to poissonian light sources. Relying on guided wave technologies such as integrated optics and fiber optics components, our source offers stability, compactness and efficiency and can serve as a paradigm for guided wave devices applied to quantum communication and computation using existing telecom networks.
An all-fibre heralded single photon source operating at 1570 nm has been demonstrated. The device generates correlated photon pairs, widely spaced in frequency, through four-wave mixing in a photonic crystal fibre. Separation of the pair photons and narrowband filtering is all achieved in fibre. The output heralded single photon rate was 9.2 x 10(4) per second, with a counts-to-accidentals ratio of 10.4 and a heralding fidelity of 52 %. Furthermore, narrowband filtering ensured that the output single photon state was near time-bandwidth limited with a coherence length of 4 ps. Such a source is well suited to quantum information processing applications.
We present two types of photon sources designed for secure quantum communication, e.g. for quantum cryptography. Both types are based on the creation of photon pairs by spontaneous parametric downconversion in nonlinear crystals. The first is a heralded single photon source and the second is a source of polarization-entangled photon pairs. For the heralded single photon source the detection of one of the photons of a downconversion pair is used as a trigger to announce the presence of the other: the single photon. The source is characterized by a highly sub-Poisson photon number statistics making it very suitable for use in quantum cryptography protocols using single photonic qubits to create correlated information between a sender and a receiver. The entanglement source instead uses the inherent non-classical correlations between entangled qubits. We also present a hybrid-encoding where the sender uses polarization to encode information while the receiver uses time-bins. Both sources create photons with highly non-degenerate wavelengths of 810 nm and 1550 nm, taking advantage of the efficient detectors at near-infrared and the low transmission loss of optical fibers at telecommunication wavelengths.