Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Inversion of the contrast in a conjugate image reconstructed by four-wave mixing in media with a reactive nonlinearity

Alexander M. Lazaruk

Published Feb 28, 1987• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An analysis is made of Gabor dynamic volume phase holograms recorded by a signal wave which consists of a high-power homogeneous component and a relatively weak data-carrying field which determines the structure of the image formed with its aid. Reconstruction of such a reference-free hologram by a plane wave traveling opposite to the homogeneous component produces an inverted data field with a phase shift relative to the reconstructing wave. It is shown that when the maximum transfer of energy to the data-carrying component is attained, the phase shift becomes of the order of π and the conjugate image acquires a structure with an inverted contrast.

DOI
10.1070/qe1987v017n02abeh007541

Related papers

Selection of a phase-conjugate wave in an oscillator based on a four-wave interaction with feedback in an extended nonlinear medium

Alexander A. Betin, A V Kirsanov

A quasi-optical approximation without allowance for beam spreading over its envelope is used to show that selection of a conjugate wave occurs in a volume hologram whose dimensions are greater than the longitudinal correlation length of the fields forming the hologram. The condition under which the signal power exceeds the noise power is found. Phase conjugation of a speckle field with a divergence of 2 × 10 -2 by a four-wave interaction with feedback was achieved experimentally for neodymium-activated glass and the efficiency was 5%. The input energy threshold was 100 mJ and the maximum energy in the phase-conjugate wave was 10 mJ.

Quantum Electronics•Mar 31, 1994•7 citations

Phase conjugation of a speckle-inhomogeneous beam by an Nd glass oscillator based on four-wave mixing with feedback

A V Kirsanov, Vladimir V. Yarovoy

A study is reported of a system, making use of four-wave mixing with feedback (FWMF), for high-quality phase conjugation of speckle-inhomogeneous radiation. The system includes a hologram formed on the basis of nonlinearity of gain saturation. A theoretical analysis is made of selective capabilities of a 'short' hologram, whose length is less than the longitudinal correlation lengths of the 'write' waves used to form it. The statistical-average values of the parameters of modes in an FWMF cavity are determined. The experimental results obtained for a neodymium glass system show that the fidelity of phase conjugation of speckle beams with a divergence (5 — 25) θ diffr is 80%. The maximum energy of the phase-conjugated component is 0.35 J and the maximum energy reflection coefficient of an FWMF mirror is 20.

Quantum Electronics•Mar 31, 1997•6 citations

Nonlinear hologram recording and multiwave mixing in resonant media

Alexei L. Tolstik

The schemes of light beam transformations by volume dynamic holograms in resonant media revealing the fifth- or higher- order nonlinearities have been theoretically analyzed. N- wave mixing has been realized by changing of the propagation direction or read-out wave frequency in the solution of Rhodamine-6J dye and polymethine dye 3274U. It has been demonstrated that the experimental result are in good agreement with the theoretical data obtained for a three- level medium model with due regard to absorption form the excited singlet level.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Dec 29, 1999•0 citations

Theory of optical phase conjugation in Kerr media

Henk F. Arnoldus, Thomas F. George

Optical phase conjugation by four-wave mixing in a Kerr medium is considered. Two strong counterpropagating lasers pump a nonlinear medium in which they excite the third-order polarization. Mixing with a weak incident field then generates the phase-conjugated image of that field. It is shown how the polarization of the pumps and the tensorial nature of the nonlinear interaction can be accounted for by a geometrical polarization tensor. The electric field is shown to obey two coupled wave equations, which couple a positive- and negative-frequency component of the field. These wave equations allow plane-wave solutions, and we derive the dispersion relation for the wave vectors of these modes. By matching the field of such a mode across the boundaries of the medium to an external incident field, we are able to obtain analytically the Fresnel coefficients for reflection and transmission. Our expressions reduce to earlier results in the appropriate limits.

Physical Review A•May 1, 1995•10 citations

Four-wave wavefront reversal in a coded reference wave field

V. N. Blashchuk, Boris Ya Zel'dovich, Vladimir V. Shkunov

A quantitative theory is developed for wavefront reversal in four-wave interaction in a field of coded reference waves, i.e., of waves having substantial fine-structure spatial inhomogeneity. It is found that by using conjugate coded waves, it is possible to reverse a weak signal with transfer of up to 50% of the reference wave energy to the reversed component and to eliminate the self-focusing instability of conventional four-wave wavefront reversal. Possible methods of producing conjugate coded waves are indicated.

Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics•Dec 31, 1980•2 citations

Frequency conversion of coherent images by thin and volume dynamic holograms

Omar A. Ormachea, O. G. Romanov, Alexei L. Tolstik +3 more

One of the main advances of dynamical holography is the possibility to operate with coherent images in real-time experimental situation. Non-degenerate four-wave mixing has some advantages among different holographic methods because it gives the possibility to perform visualization of infra-red images or to convert visible radiation into ultra-violet region. In the work we study different schemes of frequency conversion of coherent images by thin and volume dynamic holograms nonlinearly formed in multilevel resonance media in conditions of non-degenerate four-wave mixing. The theoretical model of dynamic gratings formation in dye solutions based on coupled-wave equations has been developed. Experimental realization of frequency conversion of coherent images from infra-red to the visible and between different wavelengths of visible region has been performed. It has been shown that the criterion of hologram thickness is dependent on the optical density of medium and intensity of input radiation. The diffraction efficiency of dynamic gratings has been measured in conditions of optical bleaching and in the mode of strong absorption, enabling recording of thin gratings.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Feb 7, 2006•0 citations
An analysis is made of Gabor dynamic volume phase holograms recorded by a signal wave which consists of a high-power homogeneous component and a relatively weak data-carrying field which determines the structure of the image formed with its aid. Reconstruction of such a reference-free hologram by a plane wave traveling opposite to the homogeneous component produces an inverted data field with a phase shift relative to the reconstructing wave. It is shown that when the maximum transfer of energy to the data-carrying component is attained, the phase shift becomes of the order of π and the conjugate image acquires a structure with an inverted contrast.
A quasi-optical approximation without allowance for beam spreading over its envelope is used to show that selection of a conjugate wave occurs in a volume hologram whose dimensions are greater than the longitudinal correlation length of the fields forming the hologram. The condition under which the signal power exceeds the noise power is found. Phase conjugation of a speckle field with a divergence of 2 × 10 -2 by a four-wave interaction with feedback was achieved experimentally for neodymium-activated glass and the efficiency was 5%. The input energy threshold was 100 mJ and the maximum energy in the phase-conjugate wave was 10 mJ.
A study is reported of a system, making use of four-wave mixing with feedback (FWMF), for high-quality phase conjugation of speckle-inhomogeneous radiation. The system includes a hologram formed on the basis of nonlinearity of gain saturation. A theoretical analysis is made of selective capabilities of a 'short' hologram, whose length is less than the longitudinal correlation lengths of the 'write' waves used to form it. The statistical-average values of the parameters of modes in an FWMF cavity are determined. The experimental results obtained for a neodymium glass system show that the fidelity of phase conjugation of speckle beams with a divergence (5 — 25) θ diffr is 80%. The maximum energy of the phase-conjugated component is 0.35 J and the maximum energy reflection coefficient of an FWMF mirror is 20.
The schemes of light beam transformations by volume dynamic holograms in resonant media revealing the fifth- or higher- order nonlinearities have been theoretically analyzed. N- wave mixing has been realized by changing of the propagation direction or read-out wave frequency in the solution of Rhodamine-6J dye and polymethine dye 3274U. It has been demonstrated that the experimental result are in good agreement with the theoretical data obtained for a three- level medium model with due regard to absorption form the excited singlet level.
Optical phase conjugation by four-wave mixing in a Kerr medium is considered. Two strong counterpropagating lasers pump a nonlinear medium in which they excite the third-order polarization. Mixing with a weak incident field then generates the phase-conjugated image of that field. It is shown how the polarization of the pumps and the tensorial nature of the nonlinear interaction can be accounted for by a geometrical polarization tensor. The electric field is shown to obey two coupled wave equations, which couple a positive- and negative-frequency component of the field. These wave equations allow plane-wave solutions, and we derive the dispersion relation for the wave vectors of these modes. By matching the field of such a mode across the boundaries of the medium to an external incident field, we are able to obtain analytically the Fresnel coefficients for reflection and transmission. Our expressions reduce to earlier results in the appropriate limits.
A quantitative theory is developed for wavefront reversal in four-wave interaction in a field of coded reference waves, i.e., of waves having substantial fine-structure spatial inhomogeneity. It is found that by using conjugate coded waves, it is possible to reverse a weak signal with transfer of up to 50% of the reference wave energy to the reversed component and to eliminate the self-focusing instability of conventional four-wave wavefront reversal. Possible methods of producing conjugate coded waves are indicated.
One of the main advances of dynamical holography is the possibility to operate with coherent images in real-time experimental situation. Non-degenerate four-wave mixing has some advantages among different holographic methods because it gives the possibility to perform visualization of infra-red images or to convert visible radiation into ultra-violet region. In the work we study different schemes of frequency conversion of coherent images by thin and volume dynamic holograms nonlinearly formed in multilevel resonance media in conditions of non-degenerate four-wave mixing. The theoretical model of dynamic gratings formation in dye solutions based on coupled-wave equations has been developed. Experimental realization of frequency conversion of coherent images from infra-red to the visible and between different wavelengths of visible region has been performed. It has been shown that the criterion of hologram thickness is dependent on the optical density of medium and intensity of input radiation. The diffraction efficiency of dynamic gratings has been measured in conditions of optical bleaching and in the mode of strong absorption, enabling recording of thin gratings.