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Optics and Spectroscopy

Manifestation of the polarization incoherence of light in polarization self-action effects

И. В. Шапочкина, Ганчеренок Игорь Иванович

Published Jan 1, 2001• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

On the basis of the beam tensor formalism proposed by F. I. Fedorov, the theory of polarization selfaction of radiation in isotropic resonant media is extended to the case of partial elliptic polarization of an electromagnetic wave. The influence of the degree of radiation polarization on the known polarization self-action effects is demonstrated and the self-polarization (depolarization) of light is predicted.

DOI
10.1134/1.1343557

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On the basis of the beam tensor formalism proposed by F. I. Fedorov, the theory of polarization selfaction of radiation in isotropic resonant media is extended to the case of partial elliptic polarization of an electromagnetic wave. The influence of the degree of radiation polarization on the known polarization self-action effects is demonstrated and the self-polarization (depolarization) of light is predicted.
The angular distribution and polarization of the resonance radiation are deduced for elliptically polar- ized light incident on an atomic system of arbitrary initial and intermediate total angular momenta. The incident and re-radiated light are characterized by Stokes's representation, which allows an immediate generalization to partially polarized incident radiation. The results follow closely in form those deduced for free electron (Rayleigh) scattering but give, in general, a rather smaller degree of anisotropy for the resonance radiation. The results also determine the complete correlation, in polarization and direction of propagation, of two successive quanta emitted by a radiating system
For atomic media with resonant Doppler-broadened transitions of J=0 to J'=1 or J=1 to J'=0 type and taking into account the relaxation due to depolarizing collisions, a theory of non-linear optical polarization phenomena in the presence of a DC electric field is developed. The theory is valid in the case of both arbitrary resonance radiation intensity and arbitrary external DC electric field spatial orientation. The intensity-dependent contributions to variation of radiation polarization are analysed in detail in the Doppler limit. Special attention is paid to the case of linear polarization of incident radiation; in this case as well as in the presence of a DC electric field, the Doppler-enhanced non-linear optical contributions determining the emerging ellipticity and the rotation angle of polarization, respectively, are of the same order of magnitude (unlike the case of external magnetic field, in which the key effect is the rotation of polarization). It is shown, however, that in the case of the strictly transverse geometry and if the angle between the electric field direction and the initial polarization vector is equal to 45 degrees , the Doppler-enhanced non-linear optical contribution to the rotation angle becomes anomalously small. The effect of the presence of a longitudinal component of electric field on the non-linear optical polarization phenomena is investigated. In addition, although in the case of a purely longitudinal geometry for the considered transitions the electric field effect on radiation polarization modification is absent, some analytic results concerning self-rotation and deformation of a polarization ellipse in the Doppler limit for an intense initially elliptically polarized radiation are also presented.
The problem of resonance between light and an atom is treated by solving the wave equation through the method of variation of constants. It is found that an initial degeneracy is removed by the action of the light, and that there occur fluctuations between the two states involved. Calculation of the electric moment of the perturbed atom on the Schr\"odinger density hypothesis shows that when the incident light is linearly polarized the radiation has the same degree of polarization as though the atom were in a weak magnetic field parallel to the electric vector of the light. In the case of circular polarization this fictious field is perpendicular to the plane of polarization. These results confirm the Heisenberg rule deduced from the correspondence principle.