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Journal of Modern Optics

Raman and Brillouin couplers with losses and phase mismatch

Jaromı́r Fiurášek, Jan Peřina

Published Jul 1, 1999• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate nonlinear couplers whose operation is based on Raman or Brillouin scattering. A quantum approach is used. Strong coherent laser pumping is assumed and linearized Heisenberg-Langevin equations of motion are solved. The influence of linear coupling constants, losses and phase mismatches on the dynamical behaviour of the coupler is discussed. Quantum statistical properties of optical modes involved in the interaction are investigated within the framework of the generalized superposition of coherent signal and quantum noise. Most attention is devoted to the possibility of generation of non-classical light. It is shown that such light can be generated only in compound modes according to our model and influence of various parameters on the generation is discussed. Optimal conditions for the generation of squeezed light are found.

DOI
10.1080/09500349908231334

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We investigate nonlinear couplers whose operation is based on Raman or Brillouin scattering. A quantum approach is used. Strong coherent laser pumping is assumed and linearized Heisenberg-Langevin equations of motion are solved. The influence of linear coupling constants, losses and phase mismatches on the dynamical behaviour of the coupler is discussed. Quantum statistical properties of optical modes involved in the interaction are investigated within the framework of the generalized superposition of coherent signal and quantum noise. Most attention is devoted to the possibility of generation of non-classical light. It is shown that such light can be generated only in compound modes according to our model and influence of various parameters on the generation is discussed. Optimal conditions for the generation of squeezed light are found.
Quantum statistical properties of light in nonlinear coupler in which Raman or Brillouin scattering are in operation are investigated. Main attention is given to possibility of generation of nonclassical states of light. Phase mismatches and losses are included and their influence is discussed. The second part of the paper is devoted to analysis of stationary point. Coherent pumping of optical modes is assumed and stationary solution for c-number amplitudes is found and small linear operator corrections are calculated. Stability of the stationary point is discussed and it is shown that phase uncertainty induces instability.
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Statistical properties of light generated in nonlinear optical couplers are discussed. Methods suitable for the description of non-classical properties of light are mentioned; special attention is paid to generalized superposition of coherent fields and noise. Regimes suitable for non-classical light generation in various types of nonlinear couplers based on second-harmonic and second- subharmonic generation, optical parametric processes, Kerr effect as well as Raman and Brillouin processes are analyzed. Special attention is devoted to the generation of light with sub-Poissonian statistics, squeezed light, and light in purely quantum states. Role of real effects like damping of optical fields and phase mismatches is also discussed.
We investigate both codirectional and contradirectional nonlinear couplers composed of two nonlinear waveguides operating by second-harmonic generation. We take into account possible mismatches inside the waveguides and between them. We calculate the photon number distribution, its factorial moments, quadrature and integrated intensity variances and quadrature uncertainty product taking into account the effects of transmission of light between waveguides. Incident beams are assumed to be coherent, squeezed and mixed with external noise. Second-harmonic modes are assumed to be pumped with strong coherent beams. We show that non-classical behaviour of beams generated by the nonlinear waveguides can be transferred between them and controlled by linear and nonlinear mismatches. In the contradirectional regime of propagation, asymptotic non-classical states can be generated.
The authors examine both codirectional and contradirectional nonlinear couplers operating by second harmonic generation with particular attention to the effect of linear and nonlinear phase mismatches under the assumption that the second harmonic mode is stimulated by a strong coherent field. Quantum statistical properties are described by a photocount distribution, its factorial moments, quadrature and integrated intensity variances and the uncertainty product, with particular attention to generation and transmission of nonclassical light. Incident beams can be coherent or squeezed with mixed external noise. It is shown that, in general, the nonlinear phase mismatch, which effectively makes the interaction weaker, may reduce nonclassical effects and their transmission to signal linear waveguide. However, as a consequence of the phase mismatches some initial regimes of the interaction can be repeated, which leads to new interesting nonclassical effects.
Abstract In this work, we have examined the generation of squeezed states of light in a two-waveguide coupler in which Raman processes are active in one waveguide. Both waveguides are mutually linearly interacting through the field’s evanescent waves. We looked at a few interesting cases in which the system generated single mode squeezed states due to spontaneous and stimulated Raman processes. Under specific combinations of design parameters and phase mismatching conditions, squeezed states may take the form of collapses and revivals, or the second quadrature of the optical mode may oscillate completely below the short-noise limit of a coherent state.