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Annales de Physique

Application of laser spectroscopy to collisional studies

P. R. Berman

Published Jan 1, 1980• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The manner in which laser spectroscopic techniques can be use to probe collisional processes in atomic vapors is reviewed, A discussion of the saturation spectroscopy of three-level Systems, coherent transient spectroscopy, and a beam-laser spectroscopy System is presented. It is shown that such experiments can provide useful information on both the total and differential cross sections for atom-atom scattering.

DOI
10.1051/anphys/198005050199

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The manner in which laser spectroscopic techniques can be use to probe collisional processes in atomic vapors is reviewed, A discussion of the saturation spectroscopy of three-level Systems, coherent transient spectroscopy, and a beam-laser spectroscopy System is presented. It is shown that such experiments can provide useful information on both the total and differential cross sections for atom-atom scattering.
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Abstract Resonance scattering techniques are very useful for high-resolution atomic spectroscopy. The applicability of these techniques has been much extended, particularly through the rapid development of tunable-laser technology. The use of a narrow-band tunable laser, acting on a collimated atomic beam, gives a direct method enabling, for example, hyperfine structure and isotope shift studies. The intensity of lasers allows stepwise excitations to be performed, and with the two-photon absorption technique, Doppler-free measurements on thermal gases are also possible. By using pulsed lasers, time-resolved measurements yielding radiative life-times and structural information can be performed. The basic resonance scattering methods can be combined with radiofrequency and coherence techniques to yield a resolution, limited only by the uncertainty relation. Optical double resonance and level-crossing techniques, not requiring a narrow-band light source, have been extensively used. Several examples of the application of resonance scattering methods are given.
Abstract : Work is summarized in areas of: Laser Assisted Collisions; Velocity Changing collisions in Atomic Vapors; Coherent Transients; Collision Induced Extra Resonances; Breakdown of the Optical Bloch Equations; Saturation Spectroscopy; Dynamics of Two-and Three-level Atoms Interacting with Radiation Fields; Pulse Propagation. Keywords: Laser spectroscopy, Optical collisions, Radiative collisions, Two-level atom, Atomic coherence, Degenerate four-wave mixing, Saturation spectroscopy, Laser propagation,, Dressed atom, Photon echo, Bloch equations, Collision kernal, Collisions, Optical noise.
Optical collisions in a crossed beam experiment are examined for the atomic collision pairs LiHe, LiNe, NaNe.Differential cross sections are measured in order to probe the quallity of quantum chemical calculated and spectroscopical determined molecular potentials.The linear polarization of the excitation laser is used to manipulate the contrast of the differential cross sections for NaNe.Using elliptical polarized light total control over the angular position and the contrast of the interference pattern is demonstrated.Differential cross sections for the collision pairs LiH and LiD show a pronounced oscillatory structure, which for the first time is observed for atom-molecule optical collisions.
It has been shown that a dense (>10(14) -cm(-3)) atomic vapor, irradiated by a saturating pulse of resonance radiation, will ionize on a time scale of <10(-6) sec. The ionization can be 95% complete and has been observed in Li, Na, Ca, Sr, and Ba. A large number of physical processes contribute to the ionization with different processes dominating at different stages in the ionization. These processes are discussed, and two models for calculating the ionization are described. The results of the various experiments and the applications to the spectroscopy of ions and to atomic physics studies in general are reviewed.