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Analysis and manipulation of atomic and molecular collisions using laser light

A. Grimpe

Published Jan 1, 2006• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Optical collisions in a crossed beam experiment are examined for the atomic collision pairs LiHe, LiNe, NaNe.Differential cross sections are measured in order to probe the quallity of quantum chemical calculated and spectroscopical determined molecular potentials.The linear polarization of the excitation laser is used to manipulate the contrast of the differential cross sections for NaNe.Using elliptical polarized light total control over the angular position and the contrast of the interference pattern is demonstrated.Differential cross sections for the collision pairs LiH and LiD show a pronounced oscillatory structure, which for the first time is observed for atom-molecule optical collisions.

DOI
10.15488/6693

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Optical collisions in a crossed beam experiment are examined for the atomic collision pairs LiHe, LiNe, NaNe.Differential cross sections are measured in order to probe the quallity of quantum chemical calculated and spectroscopical determined molecular potentials.The linear polarization of the excitation laser is used to manipulate the contrast of the differential cross sections for NaNe.Using elliptical polarized light total control over the angular position and the contrast of the interference pattern is demonstrated.Differential cross sections for the collision pairs LiH and LiD show a pronounced oscillatory structure, which for the first time is observed for atom-molecule optical collisions.
The optical collision Na(3s)+Kr+hν→Na(3p)+Kr has been investigated in an experiment with crossed atomic beams and with a differential detection of the excited collision products. Three groups of experimental results have been obtained, which all demonstrate unprecedented possibilities for the observation of atomic collisions. 1. The oscillatory structure of the differential cross sections allows a sensitive test of the molecular potentials. 2. Polarization experiments give direct information about the geometric characteristics of the collision complex. 3. State analysis of the collision products provides a tool for the observation of elementary nonadiabatic processes. A number of possible future experiments, which make use of the new ideas, is discussed, in addition.
We study the laser excitation of atomic collision pairs in a differential scattering experiment. The interference structure in the differential cross-section is resolved and shows a considerable variation with the linear polarization of the laser light. A systematic analysis allows the accurate determination of the Condon vectors characterizing the optical transition. The method is thus capable to directly visualize geometric aspects of the collision event, very much like an everyday photography.
Optical collisions are studied in a crossed beams experiment. Differential cross sections of K-Ar collisions are measured and are used to derive the repulsive parts of the XΣ and BΣ potential curves. The achieved accuracy has not been realized with scattering experiments before. A collision energy resolved analysis of the final state probes the relative population of the fine-structure states K(4p1/2) and K(4p3/2) which depends on details of the outer part of the potentials. Calculations from the determined potentials are in concordance with the experimental results. The relative population of the Na fine-structure states after Na-N2 and Na-O2 collisions is determined similarly. The results for N2 are in very good agreement with the theory. Differential cross sections of Ca-Ar optical collisions are measured for an asymptotically forbidden transition. The spectral dependence of the signal intensity shows a characteristic maximum. The experimental data are in good agreement with ab initio calculations. Wires on a microchip create a magnetic trap that is used to obtain a Rb-87 Bose-Einstein condensate. The roughness of the magnetic potential is characterized by the measured density of a cold atom cloud. The measured roughness is compared to the roughness that is calculated from the geometry of the microwire.
Collisions studies using optically state selected beams is discussed. Measurements of spin resolved differential cross sections for superelastic scattering of electrons from excited sodium atoms (3P) are reported. The excited states are prepared by laser optical pumping with circularly polarized light thus giving a pure atomic state before the collision. A crossed beam arrangement of sodium atoms and electrons is used with a scattered electron detector. Scattered electron intensity as a function of scattering angle, incident electron energy, and relative orientation of the incident electronic and atomic spins is measured. 8 refs., 10 figs.