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Computer Physics Communications

Simulation of n-qubit quantum systems. IV. Parametrizations of quantum states, matrices and probability distributions

Thomas Radtke, S. Fritzsche

Published Jun 20, 2008• 18 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.cpc.2008.06.007

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The general problem of describing quantum states not only by wave functions and density operators but also by probability distribution functions is discussed in this paper. The qubit-state density-matrix elements expressed in terms of probability distributions are connected with the irreducible representation of group SU(2). The transform of the probability distributions corresponding to the unitary transform of the qubit state of the spin-1/2 system is obtained and expressed in terms of matrix elements of the group SU(2). The possibility to extend the introduced formalism to other quantum states is suggested. For qubit systems, the notion of density operators algebra and the relation with the probability representation of quantum states are discussed. The Schrödinger equation for qubit states is obtained as an equation for probabilities.
Review of tomographic probability representation of quantum states is presented both for oscillator systems with continious variables and spin–systems with discrete variables. New entropy–information inequalities are obtained for Franck–Condon factors. Density matrices of qudit states are expressed in terms of probabilities of artificial qubits as well as the quantum suprematism approach to geometry of these states using the triadas of Malevich squares is developed. Examples of qubits, qutrits and ququarts are considered.