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Optics and Spectroscopy

Effect of own radiation on the linewidth and absorption spectrum of a probe field

Sergey G. Rautian, Э. Г. Сапрыкин, А. А. Черненко

Published Dec 1, 2005• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The absorption spectrum of a probe field upon self-saturation on the transition between levels with angular momenta equal to 1/2 is considered. A new class of nonlinear spectroscopic phenomena caused by the nonlinearity (with respect to the density matrix) of the radiative relaxation matrix is predicted. The relative role of the own spontaneous radiation in the broadening of the combining levels and the line, as well as the dependence of the absorption on the polarization of the probe field, is elucidated.

DOI
10.1134/1.2149423

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The absorption spectrum of a probe field upon self-saturation on the transition between levels with angular momenta equal to 1/2 is considered. A new class of nonlinear spectroscopic phenomena caused by the nonlinearity (with respect to the density matrix) of the radiative relaxation matrix is predicted. The relative role of the own spontaneous radiation in the broadening of the combining levels and the line, as well as the dependence of the absorption on the polarization of the probe field, is elucidated.
Nonlinear absorption of a probe field is analyzed taking into account intrinsic spontaneous radiation (the self-saturation effect). Systems of two and three nondegenerate levels, as well as a system of two levels with the angular momenta equal to unity, are considered. Changes produced by the self-saturation in the population, polarization, and nonlinear interference effects, as well as in the field splitting of lines, are determined. In certain situations, incoherent spontaneous radiation enhances the interference phenomena.
The form of the saturated absorption resonance for atomic transition J=1-J=1 at arbitrary intensities of a probe light field is calculated. The influence of the saturation effect of optical transitions by own spontaneous radiation on the form of a nonlinear resonance is researched. It is revealed, that in case of orthogonal polarizations of strong and probe fields the increase of the probe field intensity can result in inversion of the shape of a nonlinear resonance. The saturation effect of optical transitions by own spontaneous radiation increases contrast of the inverted resonance of saturation and narrows its spectrum. In case of parallel polarizations of optical fields the peak of absorption can arise in the shape of nonlinear resonance at splitting of the lower atomic state.
Effects of an intense saturating radiation on a probe lineshape under Doppler broadening are studied in a three-level system when the frequency of the probe light is higher than that of the saturating light. The problem is analysed in the approximation of weak probe field using an ensemble averaged density matrix. An analytical form of the lineshape is obtained for the resonant saturating field of high intensity at which the Rabi nutation frequency is larger than the Doppler width of the probe transition. The linewidth of probe absorption depends on the Doppler width and the frequency ratio of the probe light to the saturating light. The computer calculation is carried out to find the lineshape in detail at a light intensity where the Rabi nutation frequency is comparable to the Doppler width.
The shape of the resonance of a saturated absorption is calculated at an arbitrary intensity of a probe field. It is revealed that, in the case of orthogonal polarizations of strong and probe fields, an increase in the intensity of the probe field can invert the shape of the nonlinear resonance of clearing of the medium, changing it to the resonance of absorption. The saturation of optical transitions by intrinsic spontaneous radiation increases the contrast of the inverted resonance of saturation and narrows its width. In the case of parallel polarizations of the optical fields, an absorption peak can arise in the shape of the nonlinear resonance upon splitting of the lower state.
Abstract Nonlinear absorption of a probe field in a system of degenerate levels of an atom characterized by a total moment of J = 1 in unidirectional waves is studied analytically and numerically taking into account saturation by its own spontaneous emission (OSE). The trends in changes of the amplitude and frequency characteristics of the nonlinear resonance associated with open and closed types of transitions for different polarizations of the waves that are introduced by self-saturation are established. Specific manifestations of the effect, including those related to magnetic coherence of levels, are revealed.
Stimulated absorption of spontaneous emission of a gas-discharge plasma can cause a significant increase in the population of the emitting states, compared to their population determined by inelastic collisions and spontaneous decay from upper levels. By imposing a magnetic field, this self-saturation is reduced and its contribution to the level population can be identified. The magnetic-field-dependent changes in Doppler profiles due to radiative transitions caused by saturating spontaneous emission are analyzed in the case of absorption of a weak monochromatic wave.