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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters

Velocity selective trapping of atoms in a frequency-modulated laser field

Victor Yu. Argonov

Published Jan 1, 2014• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The wavefunction of a moderately cold atom in a stationary near-resonant standing light wave delocalizes very fast due to wave packet splitting. However, we show that frequency modulation of the field may suppress packet splitting for some atoms having specific velocities in a narrow range. These atoms remain localized in a small space for a long time. We propose that in a real experiment with cold atomic gas this effect may decrease the velocity distribution of atoms (the field traps the atoms with such specific velocities while all other atoms leave the field).

DOI
10.1134/s0021364013230021

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The wavefunction of a moderately cold atom in a stationary near-resonant standing light wave delocalizes very fast due to wave packet splitting. However, we show that frequency modulation of the field may suppress packet splitting for some atoms having specific velocities in a narrow range. These atoms remain localized in a small space for a long time. We propose that in a real experiment with cold atomic gas this effect may decrease the velocity distribution of atoms (the field traps the atoms with such specific velocities while all other atoms leave the field).
The wave function of a moderately cold atom in a stationary near-resonant standing light wave delocalizes very fast due to wave packet splitting. However, we show that frequency modulation of the field may suppress packet splitting for some atoms having specific velocities in a narrow range. These atoms remain localized in a small space for a long time. We propose that in a real experiment with cold atomic gas this effect may decrease the velocity distribution of atoms (the field traps the atoms with such specific velocities while all other atoms leave the field)
The wave function of a moderately cold atom in a stationary near-resonant standing light wave delocalizes very fast due to wave packet splitting. However, we show that frequency modulation of the field may suppress packet splitting for some atoms having specific velocities in a narrow range. These atoms remain localized in a small space for a long time. We demonstrate and explain this effect numerically and analytically. Also we demonstrate that modulated field can not only trap, but also cool the atoms. We perform a numerical experiment with a large atomic ensebmble having wide initial velocity and energy distribution. During the experiment, most of atoms leave the wave while trapped atoms have narrow energy distribution
The wave function of a moderately cold atom in a stationary near-resonant standing light wave delocalizes very fast due to wave packet splitting. However, we show that frequency modulation of the field can suppress packet splitting for some atoms whose specific velocities are in a narrow range. These atoms remain localized in a small space for a long time. We demonstrate and explain this effect numerically and analytically. We also demonstrate that the modulated field can not only trap but also cool the atoms. We perform a numerical experiment with a large atomic ensemble having wide initial velocity and energy distributions. During the experiment, most of atoms leave the wave while the trapped atoms have a narrow energy distribution.
We investigate the center-of-mass motion of cold atoms in a standing amplitude modulated laser field. We use a simple model to explain the momentum distribution of the atoms after any distinct number of modulation cycles. The atoms starting near a classical phase-space resonance move slower than we would expect classically. We explain this by showing that for a wave packet on the classical resonances we can replace the complicated dynamics in the quantum Liouville equation in phase space by its classical dynamics with a modified potential.
We have observed that the transverse guiding that results when an intense light field with a Gaussian intensity distribution is superimposed upon an atomic beam can increase the total number of atoms in the beam and select atoms according to transverse velocity. This guiding preferentially retains atoms with small longitudinal velocities; consequently the expected value of the longitudinal velocity will decrease, even though no particular atom is slowed. The density of cold atoms in an atomic beam that has been slowed and cooled by a strong standing-wave field can be enhanced by such a process since the standing wave provides its own transverse guide.