Using resonance ruby-laser excitation, narrowing of the ruby ${R}_{1}$ fluorescence line to width 0.002 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ at 4.2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K is observed. Absence of spectral diffusion indicates that a short-range interaction rather than earlier postulated multipolar interactions is responsible for energy transfer in concentrated ruby.Using resonance ruby-laser excitation, narrowing of the ruby ${R}_{1}$ fluorescence line to width 0.002 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ at 4.2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K is observed. Absence of spectral diffusion indicates that a short-range interaction rather than earlier postulated multipolar interactions is responsible for energy transfer in concentrated ruby.

Physical Review LettersOct 5, 1970241 citations

The Coherence and Directivity of Emission from a Ruby Laser

M. D. Galanin, Aleksandr M Leontovich, Zoya A Chizhikova

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical PhysicsJan 1, 19630 citations

Studies of the Coherence Time of Pulsed Ruby Laser Emission

David A. Berkley, G. J. Wolga

Quantum ElectronicsJan 1, 19642 citations

Accumulated Photon-Echo Measurements In Ruby under Hydrostatic Pressure

M.H.F. Overwijk, J. I. Dijkhuis, H. W. de Wijn +3 more

Photon-echo techniques are widely applied nowadays to study optically active ions in solids. The first photon echoes were observed for the R1 transition in ruby (Al2O3: Cr3+) by Kurnit et al1 using the high-power pulses of a ruby laser. Very recently,2 phase relaxation of both the R1 and R2 transitions in ruby was studied at 1.5 K and ambient pressure. Here, use was ma.de of the technique of accun1ulated photon echo,3 which despite the low average laser power offers greatly enhanced detection sensitivity by virtue of the high repetition rate.Photon-echo techniques are widely applied nowadays to study optically active ions in solids. The first photon echoes were observed for the R1 transition in ruby (Al2O3: Cr3+) by Kurnit et al1 using the high-power pulses of a ruby laser. Very recently,2 phase relaxation of both the R1 and R2 transitions in ruby was studied at 1.5 K and ambient pressure. Here, use was ma.de of the technique of accun1ulated photon echo,3 which despite the low average laser power offers greatly enhanced detection sensitivity by virtue of the high repetition rate.

Quantum Electronics and Laser Science ConferenceApr 24, 19890 citations

Estudio de viabilidad de prácticas de laboratorio sobre luz lenta en rubí

R. Martínez Lorente, Sebastián Jarabo

espanolBombeando una esfera de rubi con un laser (|E=532 nm) modulado temporalmente, se ha desarrollado un montaje experimental con material docente para medir el desfase y el indice de modulacion en funcion de la frecuencia de modulacion. Los resultados experimentales se han comparado con un modelo teorico basado en las ecuaciones de balance de las poblaciones y de evolucion de la intensidad de bombeo a lo largo del medio activo. Debido a la baja intensidad de bombeo, no es posible asegurar que el bombeo se retrase porque su desfase es demasiado debil. No obstante, la medida del desfase de la fluorescencia puede constituir una practica de laboratorio docente muy interesante, proporcionando un metodo para medir el tiempo de vida media efectivo del rubi. EnglishBy pumping a ruby ball with a temporally modulated laser (λ=532 nm), an experimental setup aimed for teaching purposes has been developed in order to measure the phase change and the modulation index as a function of the modulation frequency. Measurements have been compared with a theoretical model based on the rate equations of populations and the evolution equation of the pump intensity along the active medium. As the pump intensity is too low, then its phase is slightly changed and therefore it is not possible to conclude that the pump intensity is delayed. Nevertheless, the measurement of the fluorescence phase as a function of the modulation frequency can be a very interesting laboratory experiment, since it provides a method useful to determine an effective lifetime of the rubyespanolBombeando una esfera de rubi con un laser (|E=532 nm) modulado temporalmente, se ha desarrollado un montaje experimental con material docente para medir el desfase y el indice de modulacion en funcion de la frecuencia de modulacion. Los resultados experimentales se han comparado con un modelo teorico basado en las ecuaciones de balance de las poblaciones y de evolucion de la intensidad de bombeo a lo largo del medio activo. Debido a la baja intensidad de bombeo, no es posible asegurar que el bombeo se retrase porque su desfase es demasiado debil. No obstante, la medida del desfase de la fluorescencia puede constituir una practica de laboratorio docente muy interesante, proporcionando un metodo para medir el tiempo de vida media efectivo del rubi. EnglishBy pumping a ruby ball with a temporally modulated laser (λ=532 nm), an experimental setup aimed for teaching purposes has been developed in order to measure the phase change and the modulation index as a function of the modulation frequency. Measurements have been compared with a theoretical model based on the rate equations of populations and the evolution equation of the pump intensity along the active medium. As the pump intensity is too low, then its phase is slightly changed and therefore it is not possible to conclude that the pump intensity is delayed. Nevertheless, the measurement of the fluorescence phase as a function of the modulation frequency can be a very interesting laboratory experiment, since it provides a method useful to determine an effective lifetime of the ruby

Optica Pura y AplicadaJan 1, 20110 citations

Using resonance ruby-laser excitation, narrowing of the ruby

{R}_{1}

fluorescence line to width 0.002 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ at 4.2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K is observed. Absence of spectral diffusion indicates that a short-range interaction rather than earlier postulated multipolar interactions is responsible for energy transfer in concentrated ruby.