Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Modern Physics Letters B

Experimental Aspects of Bose-Einstein Condensation

A. C. Wilson, Callum R. McKenzie

Published Sep 1, 2000• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

An introductory level review of experimental techniques essential for producing and probing Bose condensates formed with dilute alkali vapours is presented. This discussion includes a summary of evaporative cooling techniques, condensate imaging schemes, and a review of current BEC technology.
DOI
10.1142/s0217984900001579

Related papers

Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute atomic gases and the realization of an atom laser

H.‐J. Miesner, Wolfgang Ketterle

We summarize all experimental studies of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute atomic gases reported thus far and discuss the experimental techniques used to produce, manipulate and observe nanokelvin samples of atoms.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•May 15, 1998•0 citations

Magnetic trapping, evaporative cooling, and Bose Einstein Condensation

S. L. Rolston

In these lecture notes I will discuss the techniques of magnetic trapping of neutral atoms and evaporative cooling methods. I will further discuss the observation of Bose Einstein Condensation in weakly interacting gases and summarize some of the experiments that have been performed on the condensates.

AIP conference proceedings•Jan 1, 1999•1 citation

The Theory of Bose–Einstein Condensation of Dilute Gases

Keith R. Burnett, Mark Edwards, Charles W. Clark

Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) has long been known to be a key element of macroscopic quantum phenomena such as superconductivity and superfluidity. BEC per se, however, eluded direct and unquestioned observation until 1995, when experimental groups produced condensates in dilute atomic alkali gases.

Physics Today•Dec 1, 1999•55 citations

Exciting, cooling and vortex trapping in a Bose-condensed gas

R.J. Marshall, G.H.C. New, Keith R. Burnett +1 more

Summary form only given. Recent experimental demonstrations of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in trapped dilute alkali gases provide a strong incentive for developing reliable theoretical models of the phenomenon. In this paper, a numerical model based on the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) is presented that generates self-consistent thermally excited states and allows the process of evaporative cooling to be convincingly simulated.

Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference•Jan 20, 2003•2 citations

Bose–Einstein condensation of atomic gases

Frédéric Chevy, Jean Dalibard

This chapter presents an overview of the specific experimental tools developed in the field of ultra-cold gases to achieve and probe superfluidity in vapours of bosonic atoms. First, it describes the main cooling techniques: the magneto-optical trap, which brings an atomic vapour from room temperature down to the sub-mK range, and the evaporative cooling scheme, which bridges the gap to the superfluid regime. It then proceeds to the study of interaction effects. It shows that these play a central role in the understanding of both static and dynamic properties of trapped Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs), despite the dilute character of these gases. As a consequence, gaseous BECs and superfluid helium obey the same laws of hydrodynamics and exhibit similar dynamical properties, although their densities differ by several orders of magnitude. The third section is devoted to the coherence properties of gaseous BECs. It shows that, by contrast with liquid helium, specific features of ultra-cold gases make them suitable for a direct probing of the quantum coherence associated with Bose–Einstein condensation. Finally, the possibility of tailoring trapping potentials and realizing low-dimensional systems is discussed, where one or two directions of motion are frozen.

Oxford University Press eBooks•Feb 28, 2013•196 citations

Introduction to the Basic-Concepts of Bose-Einstein Condensation

Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato, K. M. F. Magalhães, Jorge Amin Seman +5 more

This text corresponds to part of the course presented at the ELAF XXXVIII. It is composed of work previously done along the years. The level of this introduction follows the last year of undergraduate and first year of graduate courses. We apologize to the experts on this field, but the idea here is to provide the basic principles and tools for students just getting involved with this topic. For those interested in a deeper reading on the subject, we strongly recommend the review article published by Courteille, Bagnato and Yukalov [1] from which part of this text was extracted. The lecture is divided in three parts: an introduction, the basic concepts of Bose‐Einstein Condensation and information about making and probing BECs.

AIP conference proceedings•Jan 1, 2008•3 citations
This chapter presents an overview of the specific experimental tools developed in the field of ultra-cold gases to achieve and probe superfluidity in vapours of bosonic atoms. First, it describes the main cooling techniques: the magneto-optical trap, which brings an atomic vapour from room temperature down to the sub-mK range, and the evaporative cooling scheme, which bridges the gap to the superfluid regime. It then proceeds to the study of interaction effects. It shows that these play a central role in the understanding of both static and dynamic properties of trapped Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs), despite the dilute character of these gases. As a consequence, gaseous BECs and superfluid helium obey the same laws of hydrodynamics and exhibit similar dynamical properties, although their densities differ by several orders of magnitude. The third section is devoted to the coherence properties of gaseous BECs. It shows that, by contrast with liquid helium, specific features of ultra-cold gases make them suitable for a direct probing of the quantum coherence associated with Bose–Einstein condensation. Finally, the possibility of tailoring trapping potentials and realizing low-dimensional systems is discussed, where one or two directions of motion are frozen.
This text corresponds to part of the course presented at the ELAF XXXVIII. It is composed of work previously done along the years. The level of this introduction follows the last year of undergraduate and first year of graduate courses. We apologize to the experts on this field, but the idea here is to provide the basic principles and tools for students just getting involved with this topic. For those interested in a deeper reading on the subject, we strongly recommend the review article published by Courteille, Bagnato and Yukalov [1] from which part of this text was extracted. The lecture is divided in three parts: an introduction, the basic concepts of Bose‐Einstein Condensation and information about making and probing BECs.