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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

Absolute frequency measurement of 115 In + clock transition

Y. H. Wang, T. Liu, Rainer Dumke, Alois Stejskal, Yanning Zhao, Jiongyang Zhang, Z. H. Lu, L. J. Wang, Th. Becker, HERBERT WALTHER

Published Jun 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report recent improvement in absolute frequency measurement of the115In+5s21S0-5s5p3P0clock transition at 236.5 nm. Using a narrowline laser as a local oscillator, a linewidth of 43 Hz for the transition is resolved. The uncertainty of the transition frequency's centroid is 18 Hz, leading to a fractional uncertainty of 1.4 x 10-14. In the experiment, a single115In+is trapped in a three-ring Paul-Straubel trap and laser cooled to the trap's vibrational ground states.

DOI
10.1109/cleoe-iqec.2007.4386817

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Joint Conference of the European Frequency and Time Forum and IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (EFTF/IFCS)•Jan 22, 2003•1 citation
We report recent improvement in absolute frequency measurement of the115In+5s21S0-5s5p3P0clock transition at 236.5 nm. Using a narrowline laser as a local oscillator, a linewidth of 43 Hz for the transition is resolved. The uncertainty of the transition frequency's centroid is 18 Hz, leading to a fractional uncertainty of 1.4 x 10-14. In the experiment, a single115In+is trapped in a three-ring Paul-Straubel trap and laser cooled to the trap's vibrational ground states.
We report on an improved absolute frequency measurement of the 5s 2 1 S 00-5s5p 3 P 0 narrowline clock transition at 236.5 nm, for a single, trapped, and laser-cooled 115In ion. Using a narrowline laser as the local oscillator, a linewidth of 43 Hz for the transition is resolved. The uncertainty of the transition frequency’s centroid is 18 Hz, leading to a fractional uncertainty of 1.4 × 10−14. For absolute frequency measurement, we use an optical frequency comb locked to a cesium clock as the reference. The transition frequency is found to be 1267402452900967(63) Hz, averaged over 13 days of separate measurements. The accuracy is about 5.0 × 10−14. We discuss possibilities for further improvement.
We report on the current status of the optical frequency standard based on a single 115In+ ion. A single Indium ion is being trapped in a Paul-Strauble type trap and cooled in combination of Doppler cooling and sideband cooling to its lowest vibrational states. To interrogate the1S0-3P0clock transition with high accuracy we demonstrate a Hz-level laser system resonant to this transition. With the current setup we are able to achieve a measured linewidth of the clock transition of 260 Hz. The statistical uncertainty of the absolute frequency measurement is 3×10-13, limited mainly by our reference frequency standard.
Single laser-cooled ions in radiofrequency traps can serve as the basis for highly stable optical frequency standards. Here we present recent results on In+, using the 1S0 yields 3P0 line at 236.5 nm wavelength as the clock transition. This resonance has a natural linewidth of only 0.82 Hz and systematic shifts should be controllable at the mHz level. A single indium ion is stored in a miniature Paul- Straubel trap and laser cooled to a temperature of about 100 (mu) K. The clock transition is excited using a frequency quadrupled 946 nm Nd:YAG laser. A fractional resolution of 1.3 (DOT) 10-13 has been achieved so far (linewidth of 170 Hz at 1267 THz). The absolute optical frequency of the clock transition has been measured with an uncertainty being less than 3 (DOT) 10-13 using a frequency chain and a methane-stabilized HeNe laser that was calibrated with a cesium clock.
A single laser cooled ion in a radiofrequency trap can serve as the basis for a highly stable optical frequency standard. We present recent results of our work on single indium ions, using the /sup 1/S/sub 0/ to /sup 3/P/sub 0/ transition at 236.5 nm wave-length as the clock transition. This resonance has a linewidth of only 0.82 Hz where systematic shifts should be controllable on the mHz level. A single In/sup +/ ion is stored in a miniature Paul-Straubel trap and laser cooled to a temperature of about 100 /spl mu/K. The clock transition is excited using a frequency quadrupled Nd:YAG laser. A fractional resolution of 1.3/spl middot/10/sup -13/ has been achieved so far (linewidth of 170 Hz at 1267 THz). The absolute frequency of the clock transition clock transition has been measured with an uncertainty of 2/spl middot/10/sup -13/ using a frequency chain and a methane-stabilized HeNe laser as a reference, that was calibrated with a cesium clock.
We have measured the absolute frequency of a clock transition at the 10${}^{\ensuremath{-}15}$ level with a single, trapped, laser-cooled 40{}^{40}40Ca+{}^{+}+ ion in a miniature Paul trap. In our measurement, an optical frequency comb is referenced to a hydrogen maser, which is calibrated to the SI second through the Global Positioning System (GPS). By analyzing the experimental data obtained within 32 days of a total averaging time $>$2 $\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}$ 106{}^{6}6 s, the absolute frequency of the 40{}^{40}40Ca+{}^{+}+ 4sss 2S1/2{}^{2}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}{S}_{1/2}2S1/2​--3ddd 2D5/2{}^{2}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}{D}_{5/2}2D5/2​ clock transition is measured as 411 042 129 776 393.0 (1.6) Hz with a fractional uncertainty of 3.9 $\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}$ 10${}^{\ensuremath{-}15}$.
We are investigating the 5s/sup 21/S/sub 0//spl rarr/5s5p/sup 3/P/sub 0/ transition of a single trapped laser-cooled /sup 115/In/sup +/ ion as a possible optical frequency standard. This line with a natural linewidth of only 1.1 Hz, corresponding to a Q factor of 1.2/spl middot/10/sup 15/, is highly immune to systematic frequency shifts due to external perturbations. For sideband laser cooling and fluorescence detection of the indium ion the 5s/sup 21/S/sub 0//spl rarr/5s5p/sup 3/P/sub 1/ transition at 230.6 nm is excited. Temperatures below 100 /spl mu/K and a mean vibrational quantum number<1 of the ion in the trap have been reached. For the clock transition a resolution of 3/spl middot/10/sup -13/ (linewidth 350 Hz) has been obtained so far, limited by the laser linewidth. The absolute frequency of the /sup 1/S/sub 0//spl rarr//sup 3/P/sub 0/ transition was measured by making a link to known reference frequencies of molecular iodine and methane using a frequency chain.