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International Journal of Modern Physics B

ENTANGLEMENT IN TWO QUBIT MAGNETIC MODELS WITH DM ANTISYMMETRIC ANISOTROPIC EXCHANGE INTERACTION

Zeynep Nilhan Gürkan, Oktay K. Pashaev

Published Mar 29, 2010• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In the present paper, an influence of the anisotropic antisymmetric exchange interaction, the Dzialoshinskii–Moriya (DM) interaction, on entanglement of two qubits in various magnetic spin models, including the pure DM model and the most general XYZ model, are studied. We find that the time evolution generated by DM interaction can implement the SWAP gate and discuss realistic quasi-one-dimensional magnets where it can be realized. It is shown that inclusion of the DM interaction to any Heisenberg model creates, when it does not exist, or strengthens, when it exists, the entanglement. We give physical explanation of these results by studying the ground state of the systems at T = 0. Nonanalytic dependence of the concurrence on the DM interaction and its relation with quantum phase transition is indicated. Our results show that spin models with the DM coupling have some potential applications in quantum computations and the DM interaction could be an efficient control parameter of entanglement.

DOI
10.1142/s0217979210054579

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In the present paper, an influence of the anisotropic antisymmetric exchange interaction, the Dzialoshinskii–Moriya (DM) interaction, on entanglement of two qubits in various magnetic spin models, including the pure DM model and the most general XYZ model, are studied. We find that the time evolution generated by DM interaction can implement the SWAP gate and discuss realistic quasi-one-dimensional magnets where it can be realized. It is shown that inclusion of the DM interaction to any Heisenberg model creates, when it does not exist, or strengthens, when it exists, the entanglement. We give physical explanation of these results by studying the ground state of the systems at T = 0. Nonanalytic dependence of the concurrence on the DM interaction and its relation with quantum phase transition is indicated. Our results show that spin models with the DM coupling have some potential applications in quantum computations and the DM interaction could be an efficient control parameter of entanglement.
In the present paper an influence of the anisotropic antisymmetric exchange interaction, the Dzialoshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction, on entanglement of two qubits in various magnetic spin models, including the pure DM model and the most general XYZ model are studied. We find that the time evolution generated by DM interaction can implement the SWAP gate and discuss realistic quasi-one-dimensional magnets where it can be realized. It is shown that inclusion of the DM interaction to any Heisenberg model creates, when it does not exist, or strengthens, when it exists, the entanglement. We give physical explanation of these results by studying the ground state of the systems at T=0. Nonanalytic dependence of the concurrence on the DM interaction and its relation with quantum phase transition is indicated. Our results show that spin models with the DM coupling have some potential applications in quantum computations and the DM interaction could be an efficient control parameter of entanglement.
Two Qubit Entanglement in XYZXYZXYZ Magnetic Chain with DM Antisymmetric Anisotropic Exchange Interaction
In the present paper we study two qubit entanglement in the most general XYZXYZXYZ Heisenberg magnetic chain with (non)homogeneous magnetic fields and the DM anisotropic antisymmetric exchange interaction, arising from the spin-orbit coupling . The model includes all known results as particular cases, for both antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic XX,XY,XXX,XXZ,XYZXX, XY, XXX, XXZ, XYZXX,XY,XXX,XXZ,XYZ chains. The concurrence of two qubit thermal entanglement and its dependence on anisotropic parameters, external magnetic field and temperature are studied in details. We found that in all cases, inclusion of the DM interaction, which is responsible for weak ferromagnetism in mainly antiferromagnetic crystals and spin arrangement in low symmetry magnets, creates (when it does not exist) or strengthens (when it exists) entanglement in XYZXYZXYZ spin chain. This implies existence of a relation between arrangement of spins and entanglement, in which the DM coupling plays an essential role. It suggests also that anisotropic antisymmetric exchange interaction could be an efficient control parameter of entanglement in the general XYZXYZXYZ case.
We have studied the symmetric and non-symmetric pairwise ground state and thermal entanglement in three-qubits system. We have considered the anisotropic Heisenberg (XXZ) model in the presence of Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya (DM) interaction in addition to the Ising model in a magnetic field with DM interaction. We have found that the increment of DM interaction and magnetic field can enhance and reduce the entanglement of the system. We have shown that the non-symmetric pairwise state has higher value concurrence and critical temperature (above which the entanglement vanishes) than the symmetric pairwise one. For the negative anisotropy, the non-symmetric entanglement is a monotonic function of DM interaction while for positive anisotropy, it has a maximum versus DM parameter and vanishes for larger values of DM interaction. The conditions for the existence of thermal entanglement are discussed in detail. The most remarkable result appears at zero temperature where the three-qubits ground state entanglement of the system (in spite of two-qubits counterpart) shows the fingerprint of the quantum phase transition for a system of infinite number of qubits.
The thermal entanglement in a two-qubit anisotropic Heisenberg XXZ system, also XYZ system, with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) couplings in an inhomogenous magnetic field, was studied. The effects of these two kinds of anisotropies on the thermal entanglement have been studied in detail in the concept for concurrence, the measure of entanglement. The analytical expressions of concurrence are obtained for this model. It is found that the DM interaction can enhance thermal entanglement and can be efficiently controlled by the DM interaction parameter and ehchange interaction Jx, Jy and Jz. When D is large enough, the entanglement can exist for larger temperatures and strong magnetic field. We also analysed thermodynamic properties of Heisenberg model and the most important results were shown in the paper.
Mutual information and swap operation in the two-qubit Heisenberg model with the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya (DM) anisotropic antisymmetric interaction are investigated. It is found that the mutual information I of such a quantum channel is sensitive to the initial conditions and declines with increase in temperature. The DM interaction can lead to higher mutual information, especially for the ferromagnetic case. The entanglement quality of input states cannot enhance the mutual information of the quantum channel. When the DM interaction is large, the mutual information will have the maximum value of 2 for a non-entangled input state, but it is 1 for a maximally entangled input state. It is also shown that the swap operation can be implemented for some kinds of DM coupling. The conditions of the DM coupling under which the swap operation is feasible are established.
We investigate the entanglement of a three-qubit anisotropic Heisenberg XXZ ring with Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya (DM) interaction in thermal equilibrium at temperature T in the presence of an external magnetic field B along the z-axis and obtain analytic expression for the concurrence, in which the dependence of the concurrence on the anisotropic coupling coefficient Jz, external magnetic field B, the DM interaction parameter D and temperature T is described. The DM interaction is found to have a more significant role than the others in increasing the critical temperature or the entanglement area. We also calculate the ground-state entanglement under various control parameters and give expressions for the quantum critical points at which quantum phase transition (QPT) takes place. These results show that one is able to produce, when it does not exist, or increase (up to some limit), when it exists, the concurrence so that the efficient control of entanglement by appropriate combinations of the tunable parameters may be possible.