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Physical Review A

Perturbing an electromagnetically induced transparency in a Λ system using a low-frequency driving field. I. Three-level system

Eric Wilson, Neil B. Manson, C. Wei, Yang Li-Jun

Published Dec 23, 2005• 39 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance in a $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ configuration is obtained when the frequencies of two fields are close to resonance with two of the transitions and their frequency difference matches the frequency of the third transition. In this situation the spectrum of one swept field as a probe gives a simple transparency feature. However, when an additional field drives the third transition the EIT feature associated with the probe is split. This perturbed EIT is illustrated for both single and bichromatic driving fields. In the single-driving-field case a density matrix treatment is shown to be in reasonable agreement with experiment, and in both single and bichromatic cases the structure in the spectrum can be explained using the dressed-state formalism. The dressed states can also be used to account for subharmonic resonances observed in the strong-probe regime.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.72.063813

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Perturbing an electromagnetically induced transparency in a Λ system using a low-frequency driving field. II. Four-level system

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Journal of Optoelectronics·laser•Jan 1, 2011•0 citations
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance in a \ensuremathΛ\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremathΛ configuration is obtained when the frequencies of two fields are close to resonance with two of the transitions and their frequency difference matches the frequency of the third transition. In this situation the spectrum of one swept field as a probe gives a simple transparency feature. However, when an additional field drives the third transition the EIT feature associated with the probe is split. This perturbed EIT is illustrated for both single and bichromatic driving fields. In the single-driving-field case a density matrix treatment is shown to be in reasonable agreement with experiment, and in both single and bichromatic cases the structure in the spectrum can be explained using the dressed-state formalism. The dressed states can also be used to account for subharmonic resonances observed in the strong-probe regime.
The effect a perturbing field has on an electromagnetically induced transparency within a three-level $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system is presented. The perturbing field is applied resonant between one of the lower levels of the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system and a fourth level. The electromagnetically induced transparency feature is split and this is measured experimentally for both single and bichromatic driving fields. In the single-driving-field case a density matrix treatment is shown to be in reasonable agreement with experiment and in both single and bichromatic cases the structure in the spectrum can be explained using a dressed-state analysis.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance is obtained in a Λ three-level configuration when the coupling field and the probe field satisfy the two-photon resonance condition. When an additional microwave field drives the transition between two low levels of the Λ three-level system the EIT is observed to split into multiple EITs. In this paper we present a theoretical study of this effect. The results show that the EIT resonance can be split into triplet and the spectral positions of EIT windows is determined by the intensity and the frequency of the microwave field. Therefore, a microwave field can be used to open more than one EIT windows and the EIT frequency tuning can be realized by controlling intensity and frequency of the microwave field.
In this paper we study the nonlinear behavior of an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance subject to a coherent driving field. The EIT is associated with a $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ three-level system where two hyperfine levels within an electronic ground state are coupled to a common excited state level by a coupling field and a probe field. In addition there is an radio-frequency (rf) field driving a hyperfine transition within the ground state. The paper contrasts two different situations. In one case the rf-driven transition shares a common level with the probed transition and in the second case it shares a common level with the coupled transition. In both cases the EIT resonance is split into a doublet and the characteristics of the EIT doublet are determined by the strength and frequency of the rf-driving field. The doublet splitting originates from the rf-field induced dynamic Stark effect and has close analogy with the Autler-Townes effect observed in three-level pump-probe spectroscopy study. The situation changes when the rf field is strong and the two cases are very different. One is analogous to two $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ three-level systems with EIT resonance associated with each. The other corresponds to a doubly driven three-level system with rf-field-induced electromagnetically induced absorption resonance. The two situations are modeled using numerical solutions of the relevant equation of motion of density matrix. In addition a physical account of their behaviors is given in terms of a dressed state picture.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance is obtained in a well-studied lambda three level system where an optical coupling field and a probing field interact with two optical transitions. However, both electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) and EIT can be obtained in a modified quasi-lambda four level system consisting of an optical-radio two-photon coupling field and a probing field. By solving the density matrix equation of motion, a physical account of EIA and EIT is given in terms of a dressed state picture. It can be seen that the optical coupling field in this quasi-lambda four level system has a crucial effect on the forming of EIA and EIT. An EIA is observed under a resonant optical coupling and it evolves into an EIT when there is a detuning. Furthermore, the width of EIA or EIT increases as the optical coupling Rabi frequency increases.
We present a study of electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) under the excitation of a 100% amplitude-modulated(AM) coupling field.The EIT feature is associated with a Λ type three-level configuration where a coupling and probe field couples two separate optical transitions and it is well-known that the spectrum of the swept probe field gives a simple single transparency feature induced by the single mode coupling field.It is shown that when a 100% AM coupling field is applied,there is an EIT doublet...
The transparency and absorption of the Λ-type three-level scheme driven by two coupling fields were investigated.Mollow profile was obtained in a two-level scheme where a strong coupling field and a probing field were applied on the same optical transition between excited state and ground state.There was another coupling field which drived excited state to another ground states hyperfine level in this paper.The Λ-type three-level scheme driven by two coupling fields was introduced,and some new quantum coherent phenomena were given.It can be seen that there is superposition of Mollow profile and electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) or electromagnetically induced absorption(EIA).The dependence of the position of EIT or EIA on Rabi frequencies and frequency detunings of two coupling fields is investigated.The results can be explained by dressed-state formalism.