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Comptes Rendus de l Académie des Sciences - Series IV - Physics-Astrophysics

Coherent manipulation and guiding of Bose–Einstein condensates by optical dipole potentials

Kai Bongs, Sven Burger, S. Dettmer, D. Hellweg, J. Arlt, Wolfgang A. Ertmer, K. Sengstock

Published Jun 1, 2001• 8 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s1296-2147(01)01201-x

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AIP conference proceedings•Jan 1, 2001•0 citations
The coherent manipulation of Bose-Einstein condensates by far blue detuned dipole potentials is discussed. ‘Classical’ atom optical elements, such as mirrors and waveguides, are realized and the dynamics of coherent matter waves interacting with these elements is investigated. The local manipulation of the phase of the condensate wavefunction by temporally applied dipole potentials represents a powerful tool for the design of matter waves. We use this method in particular for the creation of dark solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates and study their dynamics.
The coherent manipulation of Bose-Einstein Condensates by far blue detuned dipole potentials is discussed. “Classical” atom optical elements, like mirrors and waveguides, are realised and the dynamics of coherent matter waves interacting with these elements is investigated. The local manipulation of the phase of the condensate wavefunction by temporally applied dipole potentials represents a powerful tool for the design of matter waves. We use this method in particular for the creation of dark solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates and study their dynamics.
We present experiments investigating different aspects concerning the coherent manipulation of a Bose-Einstein condensate wavefunction with far blue detuned dipole potentials. In a first set of experiments we study a waveguide for matter waves as an important atom optical element allowing to hold and guide the atoms for long observation times. We present a flexible realization of this waveguide based on a tube shaped Laguerre Gaussian laser beam and investigate the dynamics of a Bose condensed ensemble transferred into this guide. In a second set of experiments we study the dynamics of dark solitons created by the manipulation of the phase of the condensate wave function by temporally applied dipole potentials. This method of phase imprinting represents a powerful tool for the design of matter waves and the controlled creation of various excitations. The dynamics of dark solitons in matter waves is investigated in detail by experimentally and numerically studying the temporal evolution of the condensate density as well as by mapping the velocity field of the excited condensate wavefunction. In these measurements we directly detect the flux of the wave function associated with the dark soliton using spatially resolved Bragg scattering. Experiments investigating the creation and interaction of several dark solitons conclude this chapter.