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Review of Scientific Instruments

Efficiency of a 85Rb Filter in Optical Pumping of 87Rb

P. Davidovits, N. Knable

Published Jul 1, 1964• 23 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The population of the F=2 sublevels of the 2S½ state of 87Rb may be enhanced at the expense of the F=1 levels by illuminating the 87Rb with 87Rb resonance radiation which is first passed through a 85Rb cell, thus removing the component of light which stimulates transitions from the F=2 levels. The effectiveness of the 85Rb cell in transmitting the hyperfine line which produces population inversion while rejecting the depumping lines has been measured.

DOI
10.1063/1.1746826

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Optical--microwave pumping of alkali atoms and population capture

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The steady-state distribution of the populations of the hyperfine sublevels of the ground state of alkali atoms is calculated for the case in which the atoms are subjected to a spectrally selective optical pumping on /sup 2/S/sub 1//sub ///sub 2/--/sup 2/P/sub 1/2,3/2/ transitions and a simultaneous pumping by microwave fields which are at resonance with transitions in the hyperfine structure of the ground state, F-italic = 2, M-italic/sub F-italic/ = +- 2, +- 1bold-arrow-left-rightF-italic = 1, M-italic/sub F-italic/ = +- 1. The addition of the microwave pumping is shown to substantially increase the population difference for the O--O transition in the hyperfine structure. During selective optical pumping of the F-italic = 1 level, the population inversion which can be achieved for the O--O transition is limited by the effect of population capture. This capture can be eliminated by using incoherent microwave fields. The quality factor of the O--O resonance is calculated as a function of the parameters of the pump. The outlook for the use of composite pumping in frequency-stabilization systems is discussed.

Optics and Spectroscopy•Dec 1, 1985•0 citations
The population of the F=2 sublevels of the 2S½ state of 87Rb may be enhanced at the expense of the F=1 levels by illuminating the 87Rb with 87Rb resonance radiation which is first passed through a 85Rb cell, thus removing the component of light which stimulates transitions from the F=2 levels. The effectiveness of the 85Rb cell in transmitting the hyperfine line which produces population inversion while rejecting the depumping lines has been measured.
An optical pumping device, consisting of only 85Rb lamp and 87Rb absorption bulb, is used. The 0-0 transition resonance signal of 87Rb ground state is found to be greater than that in the conventional optical pumping device, in which the 87Rb lamp, 85Rb filter and 87Rb absorption bulb are used. In a definite temperature range, a negative resonance signal is observed. Up to now, it has not been explained yet. The line-width and optical frequency shift are measured. The possibility of applying this device in 87Rb atomic frequency standard is discussed.
Coherent population trapping is studied in 87Rb{}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb in a buffer gas. Experimental results are reported on the contrast of the field independent hyperfine resonance line and on its linewidth. A physical model, which includes an optical pumping process that traps atoms in a Zeeman sublevel of the ground state, is developed. The model explains the general behavior of the experimental observations.
Recent work with laser diodes has indicated their potential usefulness in optically pumping atomic frequency standards. We consider various optical pumping schemes for 87-Rb incorporating such light sources at two D1 frequencies for experimental situations of either evacuated wall-coated cells or atomic beams. Numerical integration of rate equations governing the level populations with arbitrary pumping light choices of intensity, D1 hyperfine transition(s), and polarization and subsequent calculation of scattered light provide a simplified O-O hyperfine signal analysis.
Optical transition probabilities between the several magnetic sublevels of the Rb85{\mathrm{Rb}}^{85}Rb85 ground state via the first excited state are given separately for the two fine-structure components. Graphs of the populations of the states are presented as a function of the time the atoms are illuminated by circularly polarized resonance radiation.
The steady-state distribution of the populations of the hyperfine sublevels of the ground state of alkali atoms is calculated for the case in which the atoms are subjected to a spectrally selective optical pumping on /sup 2/S/sub 1//sub ///sub 2/--/sup 2/P/sub 1/2,3/2/ transitions and a simultaneous pumping by microwave fields which are at resonance with transitions in the hyperfine structure of the ground state, F-italic = 2, M-italic/sub F-italic/ = +- 2, +- 1bold-arrow-left-rightF-italic = 1, M-italic/sub F-italic/ = +- 1. The addition of the microwave pumping is shown to substantially increase the population difference for the O--O transition in the hyperfine structure. During selective optical pumping of the F-italic = 1 level, the population inversion which can be achieved for the O--O transition is limited by the effect of population capture. This capture can be eliminated by using incoherent microwave fields. The quality factor of the O--O resonance is calculated as a function of the parameters of the pump. The outlook for the use of composite pumping in frequency-stabilization systems is discussed.