The force of fluctuations

Yu. A. Izyumov, V. N. Syromyatnikov

Yaakov Shevy, B. Crosignani, Avigail Yariv

Squeezing the vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field modifies the quantum fluctuations of the optical forces exerted on laser-cooled two-level atoms. Under certain conditions, this modification when combined with the enhanced average forces can lead to equilibrium temperatures below those attained under normal-vacuum fluctuations.

Jin Kang

On the previous work of acquiring an unidirectional dipole force over macro-quantitative optical wavelengths by imposing two standing waves of two different frequencies on an atom in the reference[1],the fluctuation of the rectified dipole-force is derived and calculated by means of quantum aggressive theory.The results show that DI from the interaction between atomic dipole's zero-point fluctuation and the gradient of the light field amplitude has great magnitude being the dominant factor of the fluctuation and varies as the space extremely similar with the rectified dipole force;DS from the interaction between the atomic dipole and zero-point vacuum's vibration is so small that it can be neglected.The heating effect of the atom from the fluctuations is harmful for the atom's trapping by means of dipole force.

Robert S. Botet, Marek Płoszajczak

Richard J. Cook

The influence on atomic motion of quantum-mechanical fluctuations of the resonance-radiation force is investigated theoretically. Fluctuations due to both induced and spontaneous absorption-emission processes give rise to diffusion of atomic momentum, here described by a Fokker-Planck equation. It is shown that quantum-mechanical fluctuations of the radiation force place a lower bound on the temperature achievable by radiation cooling, inhibit cooling in a strong standing wave, and lead to finite, often short, confinement times for atoms in radiation traps.

N. Canosa, Angel Ricardo Plastino, R. Rossignoli