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Journal of Applied Spectroscopy

Logic gate based on a one-dimensional photonic crystal containing quantum dots

Denis V. Novitsky, S. Yu. Mikhnevich

Published May 1, 2010• 5 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10812-010-9319-3

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Subject of study. A single InAs quantum dot in a one-dimensional photonic crystal based on GaAs is examined. Aim of study. The aim of this study is to develop a method for controlling photon emission frequencies from a single quantum dot within a one-dimensional photonic crystal based on changes in the electromagnetic mass of an electron in the photonic crystal medium. Method. The proposed approach leverages the effect of changing the electromagnetic mass of an electron in the photonic crystal medium, manifesting as corrections to electron energy levels depending on the optical density of the medium. To control this density, the injection of free charge carriers and the quadratic electro-optic Kerr effect are proposed. Main results. The feasibility of in situ control of photon emission frequencies from a quantum dot was demonstrated using quantum transitions between the p- and s-states of a hydrogen-like InAs quantum dot situated in the air voids of a one-dimensional GaAs photonic crystal. This control is achieved through the effect of changing the electromagnetic mass of an electron, as well as tuning the refractive index of the photonic crystal via free charge carrier injection and the electro-optic Kerr effect. Calculations indicate that the photon energy control range available in experiments is limited to several tens of microelectronvolts, restricting practical applicability, and the observed displacement effect is smaller than experimentally recorded values. However, the energy level displacement, influenced by the quantum electrodynamic effect under investigation, exhibits a quadratic dependence on the refractive index of the material forming the photonic crystal. Consequently, the method is expected to scale significantly with increasing optical density. Such photonic crystals could be constructed using metamaterials with a high refractive index. Practical significance. The findings of this study, centered on developing a method for controlling photon emission frequencies from a single quantum dot in a one-dimensional photonic crystal, lay the groundwork for photon-emitter interfaces. These interfaces will incorporate key quantum functionalities, including photonic qubits, single-photon light sources, and nonlinear quantum photon-photon gates.
We have demonstrated the coherent control of nanoscale objects (such as quantum dots) embedded in photonic crystals, which provides a basis for a one-qubit phase rotation gate that is one of the universal quantum logic gates for quantum information processing. In this demonstration, the quantum electrodynamics of the atomic system is calculated by the Schrödinger equation. Using the results of the calculation, the quantum electrodynamics is graphically represented by a Bloch sphere. This shows that the quantum state is rotated on the Bloch sphere, and this rotation is stopped or started, depending on the laser phase, which can act as a one-qubit phase rotation gate.